In particular, the old woman) of the stimulation is relentless, filled, full screen, full pictorial, full of shadows of the media are filled with beauty, talent and beauty programs directly slogan is A forty-year-old woman exclaimed: r l a flower but not the appreciation, really living death, and death by heart unwilling. all odds to master.
women function in the end what is it? is a warm, caring, a caring, considerate, and not Johnson Shibuya, Sapo, brutal, ignorant. a life experience of women not only of social resources, but also those who care for human nature. If a young man took a fancy to Xu mother, young man will not do crazy things, will know better how to live, and more with love. middle-aged women, the key is to maintain the confidence of self-improvement, they should know better life. They should have the energy, time and experience is missing is confidence.
now love the community on the middle-aged women dressed up with a prejudice that is After plastic surgery beauty pageant results not only at odds with her husband, the children expressed their opposition. However, the beauty of the heart that allows her to abandon the views of all the others, go its own way, ultimately affirmed by the mainstream media. Each person should understand such a truth: the way of life is not uniform, but according to their aesthetic value may be, do not scruple not any views, courageous love to do, which is middle-aged women should consider. men like to enjoy beautiful, but once after his wife became beautiful and fear, disgust or fear his beautiful wife, the wife seduced away by other men, the sex scandal affair will happen. Therefore, middle-aged woman beauty became a family, society and ethical problems. In fact, if a society where the middle-aged women love to dress himself, and that life will certainly be colorful.
Banlaoxuniang Why do more flair? including physical causes, more self- Experience reasons. After the storm a woman knows true meaning of life is more, they have amazing courage and perseverance. in physiology, Banlaoxuniang body structure have all been mature and open, and no further need for closure and reserved, and Their life of human organs has withstood the test of the liberation of women is more and more know what time, location, extent and severity of links can bring their own pleasure. Therefore, the trend for more middle-aged woman and persistent content. in experience , middle-aged woman not afraid to fail, they do not need to worry about failure, because of their self-expression is not to win some praise, but purely for their own feelings, they know they are not psychological lived for others, but to get a good Bale of mind. Therefore, middle-aged woman's beauty is more sincere and true.
Banlaoxuniang their life experience so that they understand: Youth is short, meaning is lasting, not the young beauty's patent, as long as there is life and life, beauty will always exist. When a beautiful scenery of the old beauties walk past you, you do not hesitate, you can bold the side of the treatment, or enjoy casting envious eyes. in the work and life, you will feel the old girl is more beautiful than dealing with ease of mind and easier to love near. old beauty who would like a more thoughtful, the experience will give you life, they are more like a book to you under the warm atmosphere Read the chapter in life.
love if you're not careful, a similar age and his mother's old beauty, do not panic, do not be constrained by public opinion, you may have already truly understand the principles of life, began to enjoy the afterglow of life , state of mind closer to nature. you'll feel old coquettish beauty to enjoy themselves in a short time all the fun of life, the old pro-American pride and demon girls basking different from the reserve, and quite arrogant in the warm on the experience of pure , in order to feel content in the thoughtful. coquettish old in the arms of beautiful women, you feel very at ease and feel the feelings can rely on and durable.
middle-aged woman is qualified and resources can be coquettish, and vice versa is a waste. those who believe that older women can not flair in his heart that the old woman's life is over, that the beauty of youth will not disappear. Moshou these people and not only old-fashioned stereotypes, and the soul source of life has dried up. those vote of approval look old beauty who always remain optimistic and positive attitude towards life, they know that all the owners, is the strong life.
is romantic flair and show love, To meet the trend of the times, such women have a better grasp of their own destiny, the pursuit of quality of life. who must show love, this love is different from the deep heart's desire, a woman full of love show more publicity, people feel their passion, people work together to share the love exudes from the warm, so warm life who does not love who do not like it?
some people worry that there will be a tragic and immoral suspected Banlaoxuniang , which is wrong, ignorant girl's failure rate is much higher than the former. Once Banlaoxuniang who fell in love with flair, can regulate the rules of the game flair, you can change people's prejudices flair. When people fall in love Sister Lotus,
Monday, February 28, 2011
Sunday, February 27, 2011
Like the rainbow after the rain!
Guangzhou, a big rain these days, lightning, thunder, Showers do a people have always wanted to go to bed, though, that, looking at driving rain, I feel great! Is like the rain! In the quarters where you can not go, stay in their own sites, listening to the rain outside, quietly doing their favorite things ...... sleepy and tired to go to a shower, before a busy day, the kind of life to I feel satisfied, but began to fail to live up to sleep, and hey, Li Ting said, it seems you are too nice these days, and whir of sleep the other day all ~ ~ ~ hey, this semester so fast, I do not know when to begin, room, and seedlings to tinker with what the team leaders for their support and we had a chef to addiction.
a long time without food dumplings, find a home feeling! crystal, happy birthday ~ ~ (Figure 1)
hundred percent of the seemingly invincible super-nutritious milk Shuangpi Nai Tremella sago porridge!!! (Figure 2)
about seven, riding on the rain, from the cafeteria back to the dormitory, just joined the ; wash in vain, film camera flashes back and forth in my mind, (Now that I think really quite worship their own imagination) in my time immersed in the cranky, Miao also cried, gone, something went wrong! quickly dressing, rushed out, balcony ...... so beautiful!
shine only less than half ~ ~ ~ (Figure 3)
or overcast days, but there are rainbow. heavy rain to the people's surprise, the rainbow after the rain .. .... Loving rainbow, Loving rain! GOD BLESS!
a long time without food dumplings, find a home feeling! crystal, happy birthday ~ ~ (Figure 1)
hundred percent of the seemingly invincible super-nutritious milk Shuangpi Nai Tremella sago porridge!!! (Figure 2)
about seven, riding on the rain, from the cafeteria back to the dormitory, just joined the ; wash in vain, film camera flashes back and forth in my mind, (Now that I think really quite worship their own imagination) in my time immersed in the cranky, Miao also cried, gone, something went wrong! quickly dressing, rushed out, balcony ...... so beautiful!
shine only less than half ~ ~ ~ (Figure 3)
or overcast days, but there are rainbow. heavy rain to the people's surprise, the rainbow after the rain .. .... Loving rainbow, Loving rain! GOD BLESS!
Thursday, February 24, 2011
Reprint of my students in business English Notes 1
My BEC study notes
1, talk about why I study BEC?
It plainly, in college, I never thought my life would be this continuation of learning English. I always felt my English reserve has been enough, in English, although I can not say proficient vocabulary is also limited to six, but English is heard not a problem, Moreover, the purpose has three years experience of students take the lead. And mixed in with foreign circles seniors told me: you do not require foreign English level high, but I heard proficient, diligent upload issued, the most important is to have a temperament typical of foreign companies, which together special temperament obscure language, but HR can put you to pick out one. < br> I'm clinging to believe, that Anshuang temperament, I'm yours. so silly but at that time that B is bovine B to reject the two Taiwan enterprises out of the offer, the entry of my single-minded foreign companies doing (European and American lines) Dreams of Spring and Autumn. I did not expect this gorgeous idea, so vulnerable in front of the employment rate, to earlier years of hard work to their university an explanation, I catch the movement in foreign March and April the most exciting Prior to hastily go over a year, say the ten state-owned English language.
but I am not willing to, ah, look at foreign students who entered the day in the big cities were the shuttle to the young capital, in the end of the year in exchange for substantial income and humane treatment. Although they have complained about, such as busy time buried in the report to a month without a break, such as those confused by inexperienced first-party and third-party standards get carried away, such as pressure Many people in the head and indicators of performance. But, with Victor Hugo's words, people can small, can be incompetent, but can not be denied, is a human courage to try.
foreign, I went to set, in the seniority intrigues unwieldy state-owned enterprises, and I spend is wasted every day life, I want to live value, use the feathers are covered with the glorious freedom.
then the following will discuss a technical problem: how to foreign companies.
me give you posted a poem, which I later BEC (intermediate) teachers masterpiece (this cow I will then be introduced to):
Jinling career by a network of white-collar occupations by referral pink-collar jobs go to the market to sell low-cost repairs inside and outside the blue-collar
private cause of international experience in foreign re-look at the strength capacity of state-owned enterprises by individual entrepreneurs To report a rare degree
paying jobs within the consumption of hot jobs resume Shen cast interviews, mostly over the sea of cloud
field experience outstanding career right after the niche that the performance of the whole should not have wasted the initial edge convergence Qiao Yue
reason to say fair and direct, I'm in that state-owned enterprises employed two years, witnessed the recruitment will be three or four games, personal experience to the post-employment salary, working environment and to participate in the recruitment of the form of geometric relationships. It stands to reason, foreign companies and teach-campus job fairs, and a range of trainee Reserve Program, is the best opportunity for foreign students to enter, but due to the special nature of my school, and long-term stream of graduates in the bureaucratic distribution system, making very few foreign will enter our city at any rate still ranked second in the university. Take me to offer two of Taiwan enterprises, they were in our school to the two places, and that comprehensive universities of the city, a hospital Department can give two or three. Anyway, I'm fresh, to join foreign companies to cut off the road, and now can only to find the identity of social recruitment opportunities.
But just as described in this doggerel, good duties are internal friction, and want to 51job, Zhaopin as the online recruitment form, can not seek to estimate the duties of the Heart (actually some of those duties recruitment year, the same as insurance salesman trick), and those who work in foreign invested enterprises I tell the brothers to their current status, self-protection is immune, not to mention recommended.
I was also thinking, when students who do get to know the name of the enterprise other than the joint marketing and propaganda personnel, but their income, Even as institutions where I half put it plainly, is not even a third party, many are temporary, one year has jumped three places, I can not expect them to recommend, not to do such work .
Well, I think I need a platform to compare a free and equal to the identity of foreign contacts, especially in the high-level platform for HR departments, I listed to their circumstance list inside the Literary Salon, the company will acknowledge , killing the game right, then crossed out one by one outdoor travel team, and ultimately the rest of the options has become the only viable approach: Business English courses.
Business English class has three unique advantages: 1, equal opportunity , we are all students, there is no hierarchy within the enterprise, I can more freely with the occasions to meet foreign people will look very proffessional; 3, experience of foreign companies where you can be taught and communication, and the most fresh, and it is no rendering and modified.
2, How do I choose BEC classes
in Beijing, Shanghai and those for white-collar foreign newspapers, magazines, such as BEC selling point is the class: the teacher years of experience in commercial office, a rich background of students, the city passed the first rate (this ad has violated the law on advertising). I think we all classes of BEC requires nothing more than that, both learn something, but also get a beautiful certificate.
If I work in those cities, maybe I'll play one next to the last call, ask price, ask the opening time, investigate the background and teacher enrollment situation, have the opportunity to first talk to the teacher, please come out, at least the first mixing a Lianshu. Unfortunately, where the two cities, only three are doing, one is New Oriental, one is a veteran IELTS training school, one is College campus opened.
apart from anything else, run training courses exclude the first, this place, under the terms and forty-six assault okay, Business English, really afraid of those who were too old and not very professional pedant. The remaining two home, I did not do too much investigation to go directly to New Oriental Ben (did not suspect any advertising). after all, on the strength of the new East and have a certain appeal, to save other people ask you, where you learn business English ah? IELTS I said I was certain, a little nondescript.
Later, I studied what the teacher again and found him qualified good, Intermediate school work. My first thing after school, students in this class is to touch the agencies have specialized training for employees of the enterprise class, highly targeted, or The key is to not give us the opportunity to foreigners to enter the house. The composition of the prospective reserve army of students, all of half a dozen, but some want Lianting Li, if such a ban into the study, said bluntly, for I did not other sectors (such as employees of state enterprises, such as civil servants, such as self-employed, huh, huh) personnel, 30% of the students. and that 10% of the top, I want to ulterior motives, like MBA classes, like class and do not stare at textbooks but stare at other people's business cards. I really want to stand out in class, identify what is in a head, so meteoric rise, welcome to be our company ~
if so, I will not continue to write ~ At least, at present, students in this class is still based on the actual composition of foreign staff and college sophomore, junior-based, and I was just sitting in the last row of a lonely participants in the classes, and occasionally issued a noise, or yawning uvular trill.
so I can only take notes carefully, with everyone share my experience. Our lessons are given in writing, reading-based, interspersed with the coaching skills of listening and speaking.
the writing is re- in the heavy, 45-minute exam, consisting of two small problems. sample questions from the point of view in recent years, the first question is usually a small memo type, while the text and format is informal. Our teachers in training us, requires us to pay particular attention to the following four points
1, see the meaning of the questions, define their duties and position in order to determine the language of the modal verb.
2, questions will usually ask you to clear a few, such as asking three matters, or the solicitation of three points, as long as the subject required, a can not fall, would be difficult to score.
3, to ensure that the three U.S.: Format the United States, terms the United States, structural beauty, which I'll get the details.
4, as simple and clear, do not exceed the number of words.
below highlight the third. The so-called format of the United States, is the beginning, end, inscribed to be decent, middle note that blank line, so that examiners a glance up very much. The so-called words the United States, is that the standard commercial terms as much as possible to avoid colloquial words, and imperatives, and a decent score modal verbs are the key. The so-called structure of the United States, that is, from the contractors can use a variety of transfer requirements of the phrase to the text topics together, make it smooth.
give you an example, the Branch Edition 37 Writing Question 2, to the steve reply. requires three
Agreeing to help, commenting on Suers idea, suggesting a time and place to meet
I reads:
Dear Steve:
I appreciate your trust to me and Irve studied your request. And it would be better if you take some activities in advance for restoring and purchasing. would it be possible if we meet for details at 9:00 am on Sunday in the pizzahut nearby Quancheng Square?
Sincerely yours
Barbala
teacher to take over my job, that several question:
1, the article should not appear abbreviations, acronyms used in business English which is not formal
2, it is necessary to mention other people's letters, because business people are busy, and you wrote back, he will forget the day you are issued, and what
3, some people misunderstand the meaning of a question, comment on specific operations do not have to say, but simply say what it really Haojiu Hang, if the bad words over the the
4, business in the habit of time with people about the working day is usually best not to be the weekend.
5, the date should be precise, all the best to date and the day explain.
but Some part of the commendable, such as
1, formed two, three did not fall 3
reasonable control of the subsequent words to write a teacher, a look to see the gap to the
Dear Steve:
I have studied your cash flow problem mentioned in your letter dated Sep.27th and of course would like to help you out. The idea referred should be helpful and I suggest we meet to figure out a feasible solution at my office at 9 am, Monday 25th June.
Sincerely yours
Barbala
The memo, email commonly used terms, such as enclosed please find the like, particularly in the End of the World English Zatan I made other posts, you can add about reserves.
today the first to write the next proposal to write a long essay type.
read the first question to question by the Branch Edition 29, for example, is an 8 (7) The big question 4, If I keep our noses to learn, perhaps out of exams in the energy bingo, but the teacher's words to remind everyone.
1, This question, looking at a 8-to-4, in fact, 4 of 7 election, after all, answer to question 0 already have
2, which is doing the key issues, over the years, these 8 small problem, the two answers must appear ABCD, in other words there can be only one of three selected option A or D
3, since 0 has been given a choice questions, such as 29 is D, then the remaining seven only one may choose D
tell you to do the following question strategy, that is, took the title to the how to do it.
Generally speaking, we have to look at small problems, identify the key words of each sentence. For example 1, computer skill, 2, within the firm, 3, long hours 4, previous experience not necessry5, hour change 6, more than one 7, unsuitable long-term
ABCD and then to four long sentences that look inside the match, such as the A's three other, with a look on the can with 6, up-to-date IT can with a match, so that's not essential and the internal B just like 2 and 4 coupled with a, C, flexible, and the last sentence with 5 and 7, and the remaining on a 3, and a look consistent with D, that This question can that do not need to be even check out the.
But at the time when I do have the biggest problem is that the teacher spoke so easy, why do we not reading the question when the most critical step to find the word it, probably First, too little exercise, and the second is still very limited vocabulary, such as the D term bilingual (good thing I know, but did not know the students around) and see if a key word, that many people will dumbfounded. < br> Another point is that if there is a proper look at A, B is also looking at how to do right? I personally think that, simply omit this one out first, so be sure to finish the look back.
In short, with the three points that the teacher spoke, This question is a lot easier. they say, the teacher told us repeatedly stressed the theme of ABCD listen this is very standard business with the sentence, 53-page issue is training rare good sentence, so if the school has spare capacity, we should back it back to a time when writing up a set on the line.
read the second question, fill in the sentence. to unit2 30 pages of exercises as an example. the same The teacher gave us ideas to add three points to do title:
1, which first ABCDEFG option to listen to get rid of, so they returned to the difficulty 5 6 election.
2, read the sentence of six options to find headword, to distinguish the sentence category, find the difference between sentences.
3, of empty words before and after the logic of the sentence (such as conjunctions, pronouns, articles) and the key drivers, see A sentence term
, the structure is not very clear words, B, yours, delay, C, nevertheless, D, however, E, until this incident, F, word structure is not very clear. So I started my choice, because the first sentence of my point of view no obvious keywords, I press match keyword method, select the A, after all, have a dispute, Moreover, no control A sentence with a back of at least ten days seem very fit.
the second sentence This relatively easy, F sentence priority, and specific time however it can be coupled with and in time.
third sentence, however, and behind the delay, so I did not hesitate at once accompanied by a B
fourth sentence, is also apparent that with the D period are referred to legal. fifth sentence, the word began to set, and shirk the responsibility of that sentence was consistent with the E.
a pair of cheerful answer, dumbfounded, both wrong, The answer is CFADE, so I need the teacher's instructions.
teacher Even though I did say so, but you can clearly see that my lack of reading practice that still can not find the first key words in a short time. For example, after the first sentence, that informs me that it will inside it, under certain specific, and I ignored. to what is already clear in the settlement dispute, or a new situation sizeable orders, obviously, should be the orders, after all, clear the subject is PM.
Since the first question wrong, you need A third option is definitely on the wrong question, as to why choose A rather than B, the same as I thought, this one is shirking its responsibilities throughout the text, A The option is the so-called dead pig is not afraid to open Shui Tang, also echoed a bit in front of the third sentence of contract.
any case, I think this title will be wrong the next time I do, because the wrong option I thought there actually can be explained through the. But from a positive perspective, in order to avoid mistakes, we have to practice more. specific to what extent we need to practice? to do a special set of questions or problems? Zhenti or analog problem? do much cover is enough? teacher said the best way is to follow the classroom training required, and I would like to hear your views ~ ~
continue to see great writing, learned yesterday, the type of written report. We made a set of internal materials, there are dozens of the question. including a request to return the company to make delivery of ads throughout the year, and to develop delivery plans for next year. It always seems to be great writing test types. human-mail version of these exercises, there are many types, and took the second volume 68 Norlec the company said. Two charts, five hand-written comments, 140 words limit, write a report.
type for the report, the teacher pointed out that the following writing guidelines .1 standard The wording should be divided into five parts: Title (report on:) Introduction (instruction) text (findinds) conclusion (conclusion) recommendation (recommendation).
2 questions often require use all your handwritten notes, then one can not leave out .
3 Since the analysis of the wording to note. you are very sure of where to use certain modal verbs, such as the obvious, not sure do not take it for granted, leave yourself more room, such as possible.
4 Title usually logic and calculations to help you understand some point, write that great writing, people are not test your logic, but by your language and structure. Therefore, how to arrange the order of writing, and how two or three series in one sentence points is more important part.
Pham Van is written in strict accordance with written requirements:
Report on the most effective advertisment
Introduction
This report aims to assess methods of advertising on how customers learnt about Norlec and find a most effective way for future promotion.
Findings
Radio is the key way which make our company to the public.It covers 40% of the whole given in the survey.It is followed by magazine (24% ), billboard (17%), website (10%) and direct mail (9%). The figure on website is expected to increase due to the popularity of computers.There are not many people read our brochures, therefore direct mail fails to achieve its goals.
We also did a survey on annual advertising costs. $ 120,000 (the highest) has put on radio each year.It is of good value for the reason that radio is still our best channel for progandizing.We are surprised that we invest $ 105,000 (the second) on billboard which only covers 17%. Since price will increase soon, it is recommened stopping to lower the costs.Magazines ($ 45,000) and website ($ 25,000) costs less, but achieve more on progandizing. < br> Conclusions
Maganzine is a relative effective way of advertising.Billboard costs a lot and will fall to increase promotions.
Recommendations
Maganzine is recommened for its effective and less-costs.We should try more maganzines to make its fuction maxmize.
previous lesson writing and listening in the simulation, I had never put up study notes, yesterday's class began speaking part, I seize the moment to organize a number of tips.
are three types of oral questions, the first question is the cotton issue, is that self-introduction, the learning as well as simple problems, this difficulty can be very low, and the examiner's Chinese English to ensure you never quite know the meaning of problems. Therefore, this part of the fully trained in peacetime to verse. But there are several problems that require attention:
1, must be staring at the examiner, not erratic blurred eyes, people think you are not confident of a lack of respect for the second examiner
2 , although is prepared early on, but do not let the examiner in the examination room that you are back out, the best tone and facial expression seem natural
3, a good grasp of time, one to one back in the verbal exchanges in 3m4 each answer limited to the sentence, each time not more than 20 seconds, go beyond that. do not get to the core, ah long time but can not tell, best to find a professional instructor about oral, that ending the normal oral how the controlled tone.
second question is the title card, with the IELTS like. to version by Section 148 of the oral test questions as an example.
first look at the policy issues to do with D
Question example
what's important when appplying for a job?
the card shows: CV and interview, we should certainly not quite enough for two, we are fully on the scene in time to add other factors: such as working experience, career plan, confidence, and so on
general, added a can, and if you think given the two cards you have a good chance, this one you can not say, but must be prepared to reason then that. < br> and then began to supplement corpus, usually said to say a big 1,2,3, 1,2,3 and then repeat for each point, one must be a nonsense up, for example, there are various factors that play an important role in applying for a job, namely CV, and interview.well CV should be a very important one, cozhh
the beginning of this form, at least to the examiner test your fluency, and this size fits all type of argument is that you had to undergone the training, what can such a set of questions. Specifically it comes a certain point, can use first about, furthermore, finally to contact other words, each word said, so that down, at least three minutes, Q & A with the examiner, must pay attention to:
1. examinations do not say a little bit for me?
I am not sure what you are getting at. Would you express it in another way?
2. do not say, and pay close attention to that thatrs all the factors that I discover, etc., and Do not say sorry, I canrt say more, once the weakness in the oral exam, it means failure.
3. rational use of preparation time, because this does not need to write, and some used to say the word, but spelled out, as can be.
link is to partner the second question, this is particularly important, after all, partner that you find, as is his, is his failure. a good partner, can help you effortlessly to a smooth passage a rotten, no matter how good you will be destroyed right in front here.
study notes published since I started has been a lot of users have added my QQ, approaching exam time, these days a lot of friends with me seek advice on experience, if I have a small teacher ~ In fact, we are the same BEC students, there are problems we solve them together.
a partner of the last mentioned problem, according to the most basic tactics, let's be clear:
1, could not get much better than you, or look to their own par, the other hand, can be lucky that the.
2, find the partner you have to know, do not grab one now in the examination room, This point does not run, even if the students are familiar with, it is best to complete sets of exam practice good oral test.
The oral skills of the scene, only one sentence: partner is to help each other, not against each other The.
in the oral section, partner be required to ask each other questions, then to the other question you must be sure of each other, how simple to how can a simple, do not say too fast, do not use uncommon words , but can not throw a good answer to the other side.
the second part of question cards for example, the teacher suggested that we prepare a few more importance, within the specified time, not a bone brain are finished, at least to left one. so that your partner can be very natural question to you: according to your opinions, what others are important whenhh, so than you mentioned that hh is an important factor, so why do you think so? this spanking the problem much better.
was asked, if your partner tight spot, really did not ask you out or not well prepared to answer questions fluently how to do it?
measures is very simple, if the other party general questions, direct answers: yeah I agree with you, or sorry I do have a better idea, and then immediately leads to: I think that hhis also an important when hh.
If special questions, you can say well, as for me, nothing is more important than to find another importance whenhh
detailed study examiner will rarely associated with your flaws which, you just need to smooth your own sentences, said.
look at the third part, first of all to you look at some commonly used spoken corpus:
(a) of the total from the sentence
The present talk aims to deci ...
1, talk about why I study BEC?
It plainly, in college, I never thought my life would be this continuation of learning English. I always felt my English reserve has been enough, in English, although I can not say proficient vocabulary is also limited to six, but English is heard not a problem, Moreover, the purpose has three years experience of students take the lead. And mixed in with foreign circles seniors told me: you do not require foreign English level high, but I heard proficient, diligent upload issued, the most important is to have a temperament typical of foreign companies, which together special temperament obscure language, but HR can put you to pick out one. < br> I'm clinging to believe, that Anshuang temperament, I'm yours. so silly but at that time that B is bovine B to reject the two Taiwan enterprises out of the offer, the entry of my single-minded foreign companies doing (European and American lines) Dreams of Spring and Autumn. I did not expect this gorgeous idea, so vulnerable in front of the employment rate, to earlier years of hard work to their university an explanation, I catch the movement in foreign March and April the most exciting Prior to hastily go over a year, say the ten state-owned English language.
but I am not willing to, ah, look at foreign students who entered the day in the big cities were the shuttle to the young capital, in the end of the year in exchange for substantial income and humane treatment. Although they have complained about, such as busy time buried in the report to a month without a break, such as those confused by inexperienced first-party and third-party standards get carried away, such as pressure Many people in the head and indicators of performance. But, with Victor Hugo's words, people can small, can be incompetent, but can not be denied, is a human courage to try.
foreign, I went to set, in the seniority intrigues unwieldy state-owned enterprises, and I spend is wasted every day life, I want to live value, use the feathers are covered with the glorious freedom.
then the following will discuss a technical problem: how to foreign companies.
me give you posted a poem, which I later BEC (intermediate) teachers masterpiece (this cow I will then be introduced to):
Jinling career by a network of white-collar occupations by referral pink-collar jobs go to the market to sell low-cost repairs inside and outside the blue-collar
private cause of international experience in foreign re-look at the strength capacity of state-owned enterprises by individual entrepreneurs To report a rare degree
paying jobs within the consumption of hot jobs resume Shen cast interviews, mostly over the sea of cloud
field experience outstanding career right after the niche that the performance of the whole should not have wasted the initial edge convergence Qiao Yue
reason to say fair and direct, I'm in that state-owned enterprises employed two years, witnessed the recruitment will be three or four games, personal experience to the post-employment salary, working environment and to participate in the recruitment of the form of geometric relationships. It stands to reason, foreign companies and teach-campus job fairs, and a range of trainee Reserve Program, is the best opportunity for foreign students to enter, but due to the special nature of my school, and long-term stream of graduates in the bureaucratic distribution system, making very few foreign will enter our city at any rate still ranked second in the university. Take me to offer two of Taiwan enterprises, they were in our school to the two places, and that comprehensive universities of the city, a hospital Department can give two or three. Anyway, I'm fresh, to join foreign companies to cut off the road, and now can only to find the identity of social recruitment opportunities.
But just as described in this doggerel, good duties are internal friction, and want to 51job, Zhaopin as the online recruitment form, can not seek to estimate the duties of the Heart (actually some of those duties recruitment year, the same as insurance salesman trick), and those who work in foreign invested enterprises I tell the brothers to their current status, self-protection is immune, not to mention recommended.
I was also thinking, when students who do get to know the name of the enterprise other than the joint marketing and propaganda personnel, but their income, Even as institutions where I half put it plainly, is not even a third party, many are temporary, one year has jumped three places, I can not expect them to recommend, not to do such work .
Well, I think I need a platform to compare a free and equal to the identity of foreign contacts, especially in the high-level platform for HR departments, I listed to their circumstance list inside the Literary Salon, the company will acknowledge , killing the game right, then crossed out one by one outdoor travel team, and ultimately the rest of the options has become the only viable approach: Business English courses.
Business English class has three unique advantages: 1, equal opportunity , we are all students, there is no hierarchy within the enterprise, I can more freely with the occasions to meet foreign people will look very proffessional; 3, experience of foreign companies where you can be taught and communication, and the most fresh, and it is no rendering and modified.
2, How do I choose BEC classes
in Beijing, Shanghai and those for white-collar foreign newspapers, magazines, such as BEC selling point is the class: the teacher years of experience in commercial office, a rich background of students, the city passed the first rate (this ad has violated the law on advertising). I think we all classes of BEC requires nothing more than that, both learn something, but also get a beautiful certificate.
If I work in those cities, maybe I'll play one next to the last call, ask price, ask the opening time, investigate the background and teacher enrollment situation, have the opportunity to first talk to the teacher, please come out, at least the first mixing a Lianshu. Unfortunately, where the two cities, only three are doing, one is New Oriental, one is a veteran IELTS training school, one is College campus opened.
apart from anything else, run training courses exclude the first, this place, under the terms and forty-six assault okay, Business English, really afraid of those who were too old and not very professional pedant. The remaining two home, I did not do too much investigation to go directly to New Oriental Ben (did not suspect any advertising). after all, on the strength of the new East and have a certain appeal, to save other people ask you, where you learn business English ah? IELTS I said I was certain, a little nondescript.
Later, I studied what the teacher again and found him qualified good, Intermediate school work. My first thing after school, students in this class is to touch the agencies have specialized training for employees of the enterprise class, highly targeted, or The key is to not give us the opportunity to foreigners to enter the house. The composition of the prospective reserve army of students, all of half a dozen, but some want Lianting Li, if such a ban into the study, said bluntly, for I did not other sectors (such as employees of state enterprises, such as civil servants, such as self-employed, huh, huh) personnel, 30% of the students. and that 10% of the top, I want to ulterior motives, like MBA classes, like class and do not stare at textbooks but stare at other people's business cards. I really want to stand out in class, identify what is in a head, so meteoric rise, welcome to be our company ~
if so, I will not continue to write ~ At least, at present, students in this class is still based on the actual composition of foreign staff and college sophomore, junior-based, and I was just sitting in the last row of a lonely participants in the classes, and occasionally issued a noise, or yawning uvular trill.
so I can only take notes carefully, with everyone share my experience. Our lessons are given in writing, reading-based, interspersed with the coaching skills of listening and speaking.
the writing is re- in the heavy, 45-minute exam, consisting of two small problems. sample questions from the point of view in recent years, the first question is usually a small memo type, while the text and format is informal. Our teachers in training us, requires us to pay particular attention to the following four points
1, see the meaning of the questions, define their duties and position in order to determine the language of the modal verb.
2, questions will usually ask you to clear a few, such as asking three matters, or the solicitation of three points, as long as the subject required, a can not fall, would be difficult to score.
3, to ensure that the three U.S.: Format the United States, terms the United States, structural beauty, which I'll get the details.
4, as simple and clear, do not exceed the number of words.
below highlight the third. The so-called format of the United States, is the beginning, end, inscribed to be decent, middle note that blank line, so that examiners a glance up very much. The so-called words the United States, is that the standard commercial terms as much as possible to avoid colloquial words, and imperatives, and a decent score modal verbs are the key. The so-called structure of the United States, that is, from the contractors can use a variety of transfer requirements of the phrase to the text topics together, make it smooth.
give you an example, the Branch Edition 37 Writing Question 2, to the steve reply. requires three
Agreeing to help, commenting on Suers idea, suggesting a time and place to meet
I reads:
Dear Steve:
I appreciate your trust to me and Irve studied your request. And it would be better if you take some activities in advance for restoring and purchasing. would it be possible if we meet for details at 9:00 am on Sunday in the pizzahut nearby Quancheng Square?
Sincerely yours
Barbala
teacher to take over my job, that several question:
1, the article should not appear abbreviations, acronyms used in business English which is not formal
2, it is necessary to mention other people's letters, because business people are busy, and you wrote back, he will forget the day you are issued, and what
3, some people misunderstand the meaning of a question, comment on specific operations do not have to say, but simply say what it really Haojiu Hang, if the bad words over the the
4, business in the habit of time with people about the working day is usually best not to be the weekend.
5, the date should be precise, all the best to date and the day explain.
but Some part of the commendable, such as
1, formed two, three did not fall 3
reasonable control of the subsequent words to write a teacher, a look to see the gap to the
Dear Steve:
I have studied your cash flow problem mentioned in your letter dated Sep.27th and of course would like to help you out. The idea referred should be helpful and I suggest we meet to figure out a feasible solution at my office at 9 am, Monday 25th June.
Sincerely yours
Barbala
The memo, email commonly used terms, such as enclosed please find the like, particularly in the End of the World English Zatan I made other posts, you can add about reserves.
today the first to write the next proposal to write a long essay type.
read the first question to question by the Branch Edition 29, for example, is an 8 (7) The big question 4, If I keep our noses to learn, perhaps out of exams in the energy bingo, but the teacher's words to remind everyone.
1, This question, looking at a 8-to-4, in fact, 4 of 7 election, after all, answer to question 0 already have
2, which is doing the key issues, over the years, these 8 small problem, the two answers must appear ABCD, in other words there can be only one of three selected option A or D
3, since 0 has been given a choice questions, such as 29 is D, then the remaining seven only one may choose D
tell you to do the following question strategy, that is, took the title to the how to do it.
Generally speaking, we have to look at small problems, identify the key words of each sentence. For example 1, computer skill, 2, within the firm, 3, long hours 4, previous experience not necessry5, hour change 6, more than one 7, unsuitable long-term
ABCD and then to four long sentences that look inside the match, such as the A's three other, with a look on the can with 6, up-to-date IT can with a match, so that's not essential and the internal B just like 2 and 4 coupled with a, C, flexible, and the last sentence with 5 and 7, and the remaining on a 3, and a look consistent with D, that This question can that do not need to be even check out the.
But at the time when I do have the biggest problem is that the teacher spoke so easy, why do we not reading the question when the most critical step to find the word it, probably First, too little exercise, and the second is still very limited vocabulary, such as the D term bilingual (good thing I know, but did not know the students around) and see if a key word, that many people will dumbfounded. < br> Another point is that if there is a proper look at A, B is also looking at how to do right? I personally think that, simply omit this one out first, so be sure to finish the look back.
In short, with the three points that the teacher spoke, This question is a lot easier. they say, the teacher told us repeatedly stressed the theme of ABCD listen this is very standard business with the sentence, 53-page issue is training rare good sentence, so if the school has spare capacity, we should back it back to a time when writing up a set on the line.
read the second question, fill in the sentence. to unit2 30 pages of exercises as an example. the same The teacher gave us ideas to add three points to do title:
1, which first ABCDEFG option to listen to get rid of, so they returned to the difficulty 5 6 election.
2, read the sentence of six options to find headword, to distinguish the sentence category, find the difference between sentences.
3, of empty words before and after the logic of the sentence (such as conjunctions, pronouns, articles) and the key drivers, see A sentence term
, the structure is not very clear words, B, yours, delay, C, nevertheless, D, however, E, until this incident, F, word structure is not very clear. So I started my choice, because the first sentence of my point of view no obvious keywords, I press match keyword method, select the A, after all, have a dispute, Moreover, no control A sentence with a back of at least ten days seem very fit.
the second sentence This relatively easy, F sentence priority, and specific time however it can be coupled with and in time.
third sentence, however, and behind the delay, so I did not hesitate at once accompanied by a B
fourth sentence, is also apparent that with the D period are referred to legal. fifth sentence, the word began to set, and shirk the responsibility of that sentence was consistent with the E.
a pair of cheerful answer, dumbfounded, both wrong, The answer is CFADE, so I need the teacher's instructions.
teacher Even though I did say so, but you can clearly see that my lack of reading practice that still can not find the first key words in a short time. For example, after the first sentence, that informs me that it will inside it, under certain specific, and I ignored. to what is already clear in the settlement dispute, or a new situation sizeable orders, obviously, should be the orders, after all, clear the subject is PM.
Since the first question wrong, you need A third option is definitely on the wrong question, as to why choose A rather than B, the same as I thought, this one is shirking its responsibilities throughout the text, A The option is the so-called dead pig is not afraid to open Shui Tang, also echoed a bit in front of the third sentence of contract.
any case, I think this title will be wrong the next time I do, because the wrong option I thought there actually can be explained through the. But from a positive perspective, in order to avoid mistakes, we have to practice more. specific to what extent we need to practice? to do a special set of questions or problems? Zhenti or analog problem? do much cover is enough? teacher said the best way is to follow the classroom training required, and I would like to hear your views ~ ~
continue to see great writing, learned yesterday, the type of written report. We made a set of internal materials, there are dozens of the question. including a request to return the company to make delivery of ads throughout the year, and to develop delivery plans for next year. It always seems to be great writing test types. human-mail version of these exercises, there are many types, and took the second volume 68 Norlec the company said. Two charts, five hand-written comments, 140 words limit, write a report.
type for the report, the teacher pointed out that the following writing guidelines .1 standard The wording should be divided into five parts: Title (report on:) Introduction (instruction) text (findinds) conclusion (conclusion) recommendation (recommendation).
2 questions often require use all your handwritten notes, then one can not leave out .
3 Since the analysis of the wording to note. you are very sure of where to use certain modal verbs, such as the obvious, not sure do not take it for granted, leave yourself more room, such as possible.
4 Title usually logic and calculations to help you understand some point, write that great writing, people are not test your logic, but by your language and structure. Therefore, how to arrange the order of writing, and how two or three series in one sentence points is more important part.
Pham Van is written in strict accordance with written requirements:
Report on the most effective advertisment
Introduction
This report aims to assess methods of advertising on how customers learnt about Norlec and find a most effective way for future promotion.
Findings
Radio is the key way which make our company to the public.It covers 40% of the whole given in the survey.It is followed by magazine (24% ), billboard (17%), website (10%) and direct mail (9%). The figure on website is expected to increase due to the popularity of computers.There are not many people read our brochures, therefore direct mail fails to achieve its goals.
We also did a survey on annual advertising costs. $ 120,000 (the highest) has put on radio each year.It is of good value for the reason that radio is still our best channel for progandizing.We are surprised that we invest $ 105,000 (the second) on billboard which only covers 17%. Since price will increase soon, it is recommened stopping to lower the costs.Magazines ($ 45,000) and website ($ 25,000) costs less, but achieve more on progandizing. < br> Conclusions
Maganzine is a relative effective way of advertising.Billboard costs a lot and will fall to increase promotions.
Recommendations
Maganzine is recommened for its effective and less-costs.We should try more maganzines to make its fuction maxmize.
previous lesson writing and listening in the simulation, I had never put up study notes, yesterday's class began speaking part, I seize the moment to organize a number of tips.
are three types of oral questions, the first question is the cotton issue, is that self-introduction, the learning as well as simple problems, this difficulty can be very low, and the examiner's Chinese English to ensure you never quite know the meaning of problems. Therefore, this part of the fully trained in peacetime to verse. But there are several problems that require attention:
1, must be staring at the examiner, not erratic blurred eyes, people think you are not confident of a lack of respect for the second examiner
2 , although is prepared early on, but do not let the examiner in the examination room that you are back out, the best tone and facial expression seem natural
3, a good grasp of time, one to one back in the verbal exchanges in 3m4 each answer limited to the sentence, each time not more than 20 seconds, go beyond that. do not get to the core, ah long time but can not tell, best to find a professional instructor about oral, that ending the normal oral how the controlled tone.
second question is the title card, with the IELTS like. to version by Section 148 of the oral test questions as an example.
first look at the policy issues to do with D
Question example
what's important when appplying for a job?
the card shows: CV and interview, we should certainly not quite enough for two, we are fully on the scene in time to add other factors: such as working experience, career plan, confidence, and so on
general, added a can, and if you think given the two cards you have a good chance, this one you can not say, but must be prepared to reason then that. < br> and then began to supplement corpus, usually said to say a big 1,2,3, 1,2,3 and then repeat for each point, one must be a nonsense up, for example, there are various factors that play an important role in applying for a job, namely CV, and interview.well CV should be a very important one, cozhh
the beginning of this form, at least to the examiner test your fluency, and this size fits all type of argument is that you had to undergone the training, what can such a set of questions. Specifically it comes a certain point, can use first about, furthermore, finally to contact other words, each word said, so that down, at least three minutes, Q & A with the examiner, must pay attention to:
1. examinations do not say a little bit for me?
I am not sure what you are getting at. Would you express it in another way?
2. do not say, and pay close attention to that thatrs all the factors that I discover, etc., and Do not say sorry, I canrt say more, once the weakness in the oral exam, it means failure.
3. rational use of preparation time, because this does not need to write, and some used to say the word, but spelled out, as can be.
link is to partner the second question, this is particularly important, after all, partner that you find, as is his, is his failure. a good partner, can help you effortlessly to a smooth passage a rotten, no matter how good you will be destroyed right in front here.
study notes published since I started has been a lot of users have added my QQ, approaching exam time, these days a lot of friends with me seek advice on experience, if I have a small teacher ~ In fact, we are the same BEC students, there are problems we solve them together.
a partner of the last mentioned problem, according to the most basic tactics, let's be clear:
1, could not get much better than you, or look to their own par, the other hand, can be lucky that the.
2, find the partner you have to know, do not grab one now in the examination room, This point does not run, even if the students are familiar with, it is best to complete sets of exam practice good oral test.
The oral skills of the scene, only one sentence: partner is to help each other, not against each other The.
in the oral section, partner be required to ask each other questions, then to the other question you must be sure of each other, how simple to how can a simple, do not say too fast, do not use uncommon words , but can not throw a good answer to the other side.
the second part of question cards for example, the teacher suggested that we prepare a few more importance, within the specified time, not a bone brain are finished, at least to left one. so that your partner can be very natural question to you: according to your opinions, what others are important whenhh, so than you mentioned that hh is an important factor, so why do you think so? this spanking the problem much better.
was asked, if your partner tight spot, really did not ask you out or not well prepared to answer questions fluently how to do it?
measures is very simple, if the other party general questions, direct answers: yeah I agree with you, or sorry I do have a better idea, and then immediately leads to: I think that hhis also an important when hh.
If special questions, you can say well, as for me, nothing is more important than to find another importance whenhh
detailed study examiner will rarely associated with your flaws which, you just need to smooth your own sentences, said.
look at the third part, first of all to you look at some commonly used spoken corpus:
(a) of the total from the sentence
The present talk aims to deci ...
Wednesday, February 23, 2011
GM, should we turn to figure out what - Comment Longping genetically modified ...
According to newspaper reports of the CPPCC, for the community made all kinds of genetically modified food challenge, March 3, the CPPCC National Committee members, transgenic insect species, should be cautious about the promotion. . the body to increase its photosynthetic efficiency. Yuan Longping, as long as two generations, there are problems, it means that GM food is safe.
see this report, first of all I am very happy because I am not the only one on the switch to BT rice proteins are concerned I am not a person. However, I still worry about the conversation as Yuanyuan Shi. because of his attitude to GM is not comprehensive, did not fully consider the health of all human beings, especially the talk from the perspective of immunology. He considered that , as long as the gene to be at the mercy of food to other food in, it does not require security, in particular the assessment of immunity, this is very dangerous. In fact, in daily life, we often ignore the issue of Immunology that individual differences in our population immunity issue. If I tell you, in fact, our human, someone will food allergies, you may be surprised. However, according to U.S. data, Americans for peanut allergy up to 1.5 million people, along with over eating McDonald's fries doped with wheat gluten caused a false case of asthma. And because of our staple food of mankind there are many, so we can avoid their own staple food allergies, and select the appropriate their staple food. without making any assessment of the genes to other crops put the staple food in some people may lead to loss of staple food, and had to pay high prices to choose non-GM staple food, even as knowledge of the disease, even death. nature to the existence of many such examples, such as population, some people sensitive to red blood cells for the broad bean, broad bean caused by disease, resulting in hemolysis, or even death. nature, these examples exist, we can not eliminate, but if we artificially create these harmful plants, is not it regrettable and sad that? And to most people's interests, could ignore the life and death of innocent people do? the same time, I do not think, 2 on behalf of the people do not have problems to that GM food is safe. because it can not be evaluated, many problems may be unable to understand our knowledge and evaluation now, especially agricultural experts were unable to evaluate. For example, in the South Pacific island nation, the residents will consumption of the brain dead, and that it is delicious. And from generation to generation, far more than two generations, probably more than 20 generations have, we all think is safe. However, it was fashionable in the local generation known as disease similar to mad cow disease, patients with nerve damage, paralysis and eventually death. Later, scientists found that this is due to infectious diseases caused by consumption of the brain. Thus, the local people no longer eat the brain. A diet can be change, but once GM crops are not seriously polluted the natural world, even if we found out the reason, but also how to do it?
see here, is not suggested that Mr Yuen is more conservative than I, more opposed to GM? I do not think so. In fact, I have repeatedly stated before, I am not against GM, and I too do genetically, but not in the tricks in our food, because it is dangerous and must be careful. In my opinion, our country's agricultural experts for GM it is really arrogant and ignorant, even in the illegal operation, may have led to serious consequences, but do not know. First of all, both the Ministry of Agriculture or the experts agree that BT proteins security reasons turned out to be BT centuries and no one opposed to agricultural use, as well as the short-term experiments in mice. you know, a lot of things we use for a long time is not necessarily safe, such as tobacco. and survival of mice is much shorter than humans, the experimental results This long-term consumption of food substances, can only say that a reference of it. So if we really want to switch to BT gene into rice, it is necessary first to scientifically prove its security, and the allergic population. Therefore, I think BT should carry out toxicity studies of quantitative, rather than rush to GM. I think, first of all experts in the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Health should apply to be included in the BT protein in the range of food additives, and in accordance with laws and regulations on toxicity studies. after passing through the approval should be piloted in some areas of food added, Wuhan City, Hubei and I think is very good, a lot like the , as long as approved by the Ministry of Health, and to add rice by BT in the form of food additives and personally experience the security of the. At the same time, volunteers can call BT protein in the skin and gastrointestinal sensitive test to assess the safety of the people. This is of course only evaluated the safety of their own BT protein, the next step and then assess the safety of gene transfer. our national scientific research has always been no organization, the GM is a mess, was transferred to the BT gene had at least 5 or more, and do not have any security goals the stage, there could not be evaluated, so what is scientific research. So I think there should be a step, have a plan it can. Agriculture Ministry said that China had not ratified and the planting of genetically modified food, has approved only four kinds of cotton genetically modified raw materials. Then I said, they may have led to disaster, is not in the sensational? I am very worried. because I found that some people are allergic to the cotton fabric will, cause dermatitis and other issues, but we did not indicate whether the clothes turn genes. At the same time, we use the medical cotton products, such as sterile cotton ball, gauze, and accessories, etc. , whether it is genetically modified, whether the patient therefore allergy, leading to wound infection, healing problems, and even endanger over life? we may even many medical supplies are transgenic, and transgenic protein content is much, do not know. I Preparation of monoclonal antibody against BT first is to detect medical supplies made in the BT content, but because I was aware, the relevant departments will not care and are willing to know the results, so I gave up the idea and the monoclonal antibody. But it does should be the responsibilities of the health sector. So, I think, relevant departments of our country should be investigated and re-approval of GM products for clinical use, and should be marked and identity management. This can be confirmed by BT for the provision of protein allergy reference.
So, I think, no matter what we turn, must be clear, we turn what is, what people, what harm might be, it is the only responsible. and our natural antigen for the immune system changes, the most sensitive, should be the first object of concern.
Although, as a CPPCC member said, living law, because it is possible that you have been used genetically modified medical supplies or clothing, or even women's products, and have had a bad reaction or have been sensitized by. because unfortunately, our Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Health do not provide genetically modified products should be identity. Therefore, GM crops is a serious matter, everyone can not escape, and because individual differences in the immune system, who is the victim but not because it is not people, is not a government official, there is no money, and is not CPPCC National Committee members to decide. This can only give you the natural world and those of experts to determine the GM.
Department of Immunology, Peking University, Dr. Wang Yuedan
at 38 College Road,
see this report, first of all I am very happy because I am not the only one on the switch to BT rice proteins are concerned I am not a person. However, I still worry about the conversation as Yuanyuan Shi. because of his attitude to GM is not comprehensive, did not fully consider the health of all human beings, especially the talk from the perspective of immunology. He considered that , as long as the gene to be at the mercy of food to other food in, it does not require security, in particular the assessment of immunity, this is very dangerous. In fact, in daily life, we often ignore the issue of Immunology that individual differences in our population immunity issue. If I tell you, in fact, our human, someone will food allergies, you may be surprised. However, according to U.S. data, Americans for peanut allergy up to 1.5 million people, along with over eating McDonald's fries doped with wheat gluten caused a false case of asthma. And because of our staple food of mankind there are many, so we can avoid their own staple food allergies, and select the appropriate their staple food. without making any assessment of the genes to other crops put the staple food in some people may lead to loss of staple food, and had to pay high prices to choose non-GM staple food, even as knowledge of the disease, even death. nature to the existence of many such examples, such as population, some people sensitive to red blood cells for the broad bean, broad bean caused by disease, resulting in hemolysis, or even death. nature, these examples exist, we can not eliminate, but if we artificially create these harmful plants, is not it regrettable and sad that? And to most people's interests, could ignore the life and death of innocent people do? the same time, I do not think, 2 on behalf of the people do not have problems to that GM food is safe. because it can not be evaluated, many problems may be unable to understand our knowledge and evaluation now, especially agricultural experts were unable to evaluate. For example, in the South Pacific island nation, the residents will consumption of the brain dead, and that it is delicious. And from generation to generation, far more than two generations, probably more than 20 generations have, we all think is safe. However, it was fashionable in the local generation known as disease similar to mad cow disease, patients with nerve damage, paralysis and eventually death. Later, scientists found that this is due to infectious diseases caused by consumption of the brain. Thus, the local people no longer eat the brain. A diet can be change, but once GM crops are not seriously polluted the natural world, even if we found out the reason, but also how to do it?
see here, is not suggested that Mr Yuen is more conservative than I, more opposed to GM? I do not think so. In fact, I have repeatedly stated before, I am not against GM, and I too do genetically, but not in the tricks in our food, because it is dangerous and must be careful. In my opinion, our country's agricultural experts for GM it is really arrogant and ignorant, even in the illegal operation, may have led to serious consequences, but do not know. First of all, both the Ministry of Agriculture or the experts agree that BT proteins security reasons turned out to be BT centuries and no one opposed to agricultural use, as well as the short-term experiments in mice. you know, a lot of things we use for a long time is not necessarily safe, such as tobacco. and survival of mice is much shorter than humans, the experimental results This long-term consumption of food substances, can only say that a reference of it. So if we really want to switch to BT gene into rice, it is necessary first to scientifically prove its security, and the allergic population. Therefore, I think BT should carry out toxicity studies of quantitative, rather than rush to GM. I think, first of all experts in the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Health should apply to be included in the BT protein in the range of food additives, and in accordance with laws and regulations on toxicity studies. after passing through the approval should be piloted in some areas of food added, Wuhan City, Hubei and I think is very good, a lot like the , as long as approved by the Ministry of Health, and to add rice by BT in the form of food additives and personally experience the security of the. At the same time, volunteers can call BT protein in the skin and gastrointestinal sensitive test to assess the safety of the people. This is of course only evaluated the safety of their own BT protein, the next step and then assess the safety of gene transfer. our national scientific research has always been no organization, the GM is a mess, was transferred to the BT gene had at least 5 or more, and do not have any security goals the stage, there could not be evaluated, so what is scientific research. So I think there should be a step, have a plan it can. Agriculture Ministry said that China had not ratified and the planting of genetically modified food, has approved only four kinds of cotton genetically modified raw materials. Then I said, they may have led to disaster, is not in the sensational? I am very worried. because I found that some people are allergic to the cotton fabric will, cause dermatitis and other issues, but we did not indicate whether the clothes turn genes. At the same time, we use the medical cotton products, such as sterile cotton ball, gauze, and accessories, etc. , whether it is genetically modified, whether the patient therefore allergy, leading to wound infection, healing problems, and even endanger over life? we may even many medical supplies are transgenic, and transgenic protein content is much, do not know. I Preparation of monoclonal antibody against BT first is to detect medical supplies made in the BT content, but because I was aware, the relevant departments will not care and are willing to know the results, so I gave up the idea and the monoclonal antibody. But it does should be the responsibilities of the health sector. So, I think, relevant departments of our country should be investigated and re-approval of GM products for clinical use, and should be marked and identity management. This can be confirmed by BT for the provision of protein allergy reference.
So, I think, no matter what we turn, must be clear, we turn what is, what people, what harm might be, it is the only responsible. and our natural antigen for the immune system changes, the most sensitive, should be the first object of concern.
Although, as a CPPCC member said, living law, because it is possible that you have been used genetically modified medical supplies or clothing, or even women's products, and have had a bad reaction or have been sensitized by. because unfortunately, our Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Health do not provide genetically modified products should be identity. Therefore, GM crops is a serious matter, everyone can not escape, and because individual differences in the immune system, who is the victim but not because it is not people, is not a government official, there is no money, and is not CPPCC National Committee members to decide. This can only give you the natural world and those of experts to determine the GM.
Department of Immunology, Peking University, Dr. Wang Yuedan
at 38 College Road,
Tuesday, February 22, 2011
Logistics Industry Report, 2006 (XVIII)
Chapter XI of the logistics industry development trend of electronic commerce and logistics
Section
e-commerce trends in the Internet an open network environment, based on browser / server applications ways to achieve the consumer's online shopping , online transactions between enterprises and online electronic payment of a new type of transaction. the essential difference between electronic commerce and traditional commerce, it is the digital network as the basis for commodity, currency and service transactions aimed at reducing the information society, the business center areas, reduce cycle time, reduce costs, improve operational efficiency, improve service quality, to enable enterprises to compete effectively.
positioned for e-commerce logistics and distribution services to customers, according to the characteristics of e-commerce, logistics and distribution system for the implementation of the unified information management and scheduling, in accordance with the requirements of the user orders, work in the logistics base for cargo handling and cargo sent to the consignee with a good way of logistics. This advanced optimization methods on distribution companies to improve circulation service quality, reduce logistics costs, optimize the social stock configuration, thereby enhancing the economic and social significance, distribution and production logistics as an effective organization, represents the main direction of modern marketing, which are quickly development.
one catalytic traditional e-commerce revolution in logistics and distribution system
review the development process, can be said that experienced three revolutions. early stage is to send things to your door. In order to improve operational efficiency, many domestic businesses more extensive to deliver the goods by the buyer hands, this is the first revolution of Commerce. The second logistics revolution is accompanied by the emergence of e-commerce generated, this is a transformative change, not only affect their own logistics and distribution, also affected upstream and downstream of the system, including providers, consumers. third time is the logistics and distribution logistics revolution of information technology and network technology, widely used by the implications of these effects is useful, make logistics more efficient. We call these effects as the third revolution in logistics and distribution.
(a) e-commerce logistics and distribution of traditional impact and influence
1, to the traditional concept of logistics and distribution can be profound revolution has brought the traditional
logistics and distribution companies need to keep a large area of the warehouse, and e-commerce systems networked virtual enterprises scattered in various parts of the warehouse belonging to different owners connected through the network system to become management and deployment of use of services and goods distribution space fixed radius enlarged. such enterprises in the rate of organizational resources, scale, efficiency and the rational allocation of resources are unmatched by traditional logistics and distribution, and the corresponding logistics concept must also be is new.
2, the implementation of logistics and distribution network control instead of the traditional logistics and distribution management program
an advanced use of the system, an enterprise will bring new management methods. the traditional logistics process is composed by a number of business processes, by human factors and time influence. network applications can realize the whole process of real-time monitoring and real-time decision-making. The new logistics business processes by the network connection. When the system any of the nerve terminal receives a demand for information, the system can be in a very short period of time to react, and can develop a detailed delivery plan to inform the link to work. All this work is designed by a computer according to people in advance automatically done good.
3, the duration of logistics and distribution network will greatly shorten the environment, on a higher rate of logistics and distribution requirements
traditional logistics management, the exchange of information limit the time to complete a relatively long distribution process, but this time with the network system will become increasingly involved in short, any distribution of information and resources on the network management will be a few seconds passed in the relevant link.
4, network intervention, the process of simplifying the logistics and distribution logistics and distribution throughout the part of the traditional
very cumbersome, in the new logistics and distribution network center can greatly shorten the process: the network support group technology under In the network environment can be used more thoroughly, logistics and distribution cycle will shorten, the organization will also change; computer systems management can make the logistics and distribution management process simple and easy; network allows users to purchase sales promotion and the transaction process more efficient, lower cost; can improve the competitiveness of logistics and distribution companies; With the popularity of logistics and distribution industry, and development of competition in the industry greatly increased the scope and brutality of information to grasp, effective dissemination of information and its easy to get sex, so get with the traditional methods of time and amount of excess profits will be less and less; network intervention, the potential of people have full play, self-realization as the majority of staff motivation.
In summary, the implementation of information distribution system, the development of information technology, automation, modern logistics and distribution industry is a new development and improvement of an important part of e-commerce services, is imperative.
(ii) E Business E-commerce Logistics Distribution Logistics Distribution
that information and modernization, socialization of logistics and distribution. It is a network of logistics and distribution companies and modern computer technology hardware, software and advanced management tools for social needs, strictly, the word land according to the user's order request, a series of classification, allocation, consolidation, division of labor, distribution and other cargo handling work, timing, location, quantitative limits to the scope of the various users is not to meet their demand for commodities.
can be seen that this new type of logistics and distribution is based on a new look, innovative pioneer in the distribution basin and represents the main direction of modern marketing. new logistics and distribution to the circulation of commodities the more traditional way of logistics and distribution of information easier, automation, modernization, social, intelligence, rationalization, simplification, so that smooth flow of goods, the best use, both to reduce production business inventories, speed up cash flow and improve logistics efficiency and reduce logistics costs, but also stimulated the needs of the community, benefit the entire community macro space, but also improve the economic benefits of the whole society, and promote the healthy development of the market economy.
new addition to having the traditional logistics logistics distribution of features, it also has the following basic features:
1, information
logistics through the network so that armed with the information. implementation of information management is a new logistics and distribution of the basic features. This is the realization of modernization and social the premise that.
2, modern logistics and distribution of traditional
although with a considerable degree of modernization, but the requirement is not very strict. than a new logistics distribution under electronic commerce than in terms of level, scope, level such a link has a lot of shortcomings and gaps. is the difference between the level of modernization of new and traditional logistics and distribution logistics and distribution is an important feature.
3, with the modernization of social
as high and low degree of social is also a difference between new and traditional logistics and distribution logistics is an important feature.
many traditional logistics and distribution center is often an enterprise as to the enterprise or the provision of logistics and distribution services system set up, although some were for distribution center social services, but with a new logistics distribution under electronic commerce are compared with the real social, has great limitations.
Second, new features and operation of the logistics distribution center type
(a) of the new logistics Features
distribution center logistics and distribution industry, according to the development of domestic and foreign, in the age of electronic commerce, information technology, modernization, socialization of new distribution center can be summarized as the following features:
1, fast response, logistics and distribution : e-commerce, the new logistics service provider for the upstream and downstream logistics and distribution needs of the reaction faster, shorter lead times, shorter delivery time, logistics and distribution faster and faster, Commodity turnover with increasing frequency.
2, integrated logistics and distribution functions
will focus on new logistics and distribution logistics and supply chain integration in other areas, including: logistics channels and business flow channel integration, logistics channels integration between the logistics function integration, logistics and manufacturing aspects of integration links.
3, series
e-commerce logistics and distribution services, the new emphasis on logistics and distribution logistics and distribution services than the proper positioning and improved serialization, in addition to the traditional storage, transportation, packaging, distribution and processing services, has also extended to the extension of market research and forecasting, purchasing and order processing, logistics and distribution extends down to consulting, logistics and distribution scheme selection and planning, inventory control strategy proposed loan recovery and settlement, education and training and other value-added services; to improve the content of the above services to support decision-making role.
4, logistics and distribution operations under the new standardized
logistics e-commerce emphasis on functional processes, operations, standardization and operational procedures, to make complex operations into simple, easy operation of the promotion and evaluation.
5, logistics and distribution logistics and distribution of new target systematic
overall planning from a system perspective A whole variety of logistics and distribution company activities, handle logistics and distribution activities and the flow of commerce between the activities and corporate objectives, logistics and distribution activities and the relationship between logistics and distribution activities, not for the optimization of a single activity, but to the overall activity optimization.
6, logistics and distribution means a new modern
logistics distribution under electronic commerce using advanced technology, equipment and management services for sales, production, distribution and sale of larger, more wide range of logistics and distribution technology, equipment and management of the more modern.
7, logistics and distribution network
organization of product promotion in order to ensure to provide fast, comprehensive logistics support, the new need for a sound logistics and distribution, improve logistics and distribution network system, network between points on the logistics and distribution activities to maintain systematic, consistent, so you can ensure that the entire logistics and distribution network has the best overall level of inventory and inventory distribution, transportation and distribution fast, flexible, and can spread both Shoulong. monomer dispersed only a network of logistics and distribution to meet the needs of modern production and circulation.
8, logistics and distribution management market
new logistics and distribution business with a specific market mechanism, whether it is logistics and distribution companies own organization, or commissioned by social enterprises to take logistics and distribution logistics tasks are to cargo, container order handling, handling and other operations in accordance with automation standards, distribution of goods in accordance with the best routes.
10, logistics and distribution management of the legal system
macro, there must be sound and regulations, systems and rules; micro , the new logistics and distribution enterprises should act according to law, to act according to Zhang.
(b) The type of distribution center operation is the flow of logistics and distribution sector
link production and consumption, so that the benefits produced time and place the facilities to improve logistics and distribution operational efficiency is the key to reducing distribution costs. logistics and distribution is a complex scientific systems engineering, involving the production, wholesale, e-commerce, distribution and consumers, the overall structure, operation type is also varied. investigated in the traditional logistics operation type, the design of our new distribution center has an important mode of reference.
1, the main distribution center at the different operations, generally there are four types:
(1) the manufacturer as the main This distribution center
goods distribution center is 100% of their production to reduce distribution costs, improve service quality and timely pre-installed for the transportation of groups of components to the required machining and assembly work bit. from commodity manufacturing to post-produced and packaged with bar codes and other aspects are easier to control, in accordance with modern, automated and easy off distribution center designed to compare, but do not have the social requirements.
(2) to wholesaler as the main distribution center
goods from the manufacturer to consumers between the traditional wholesale distribution there is a link called. usually by different departments or product categories to each manufacturer's products together, and then with a single variety or retailers to the distribution of consumption. This distribution center of goods from various manufacturers, it is an important activity carried out to make is to summarize and re-sale of goods, and it's all stockmerchandise stores, supermarkets, department stores, building materials stores, food grain and oil shops, hotels and restaurants and other services. socialization between between the first two.
(4) as the main transport operators in warehouse distribution center that the strongest distribution center is the transport and distribution capabilities, strategic location, such as harbors, rail and road hub, you can quickly reach the cargo distribution to users. It provides warehousing storage spaces to the manufacturer or supplier of goods and distribution center is still are manufacturers or suppliers only provide warehouse management distribution centers and transportation and distribution services. This distribution center tend to have higher degree of modernization.
2, the application of logistics and distribution pattern from the point of view there are three main types:
(1) set of goods-distribution model
models mainly for the procurement of logistics on the home and the formation process of innovation. Its on the home production of interrelated, independent of each other under the house, the home of the distribution center's storage level was greater than under the house, the house is relatively concentrated, and dispersed under the house a considerable demand. Moreover, such distribution centers also stressed its processing capabilities. Such distribution patterns for the marketing of finished or semi-finished goods, such as automotive distribution centers. < br> (2) bulk-distribution model
in this model is the lower house formed to optimize the delivery of logistics. on the family's dependence on the distribution center is less than under the house, and the relative distribution center under the house centralized or shared interests (such as chains). the use of such distribution patterns of distribution companies, the last home competition, demand for the next home to many varieties, small quantities of the main characteristics of raw materials or semi-finished goods for distribution, such as mechanical and electrical products distribution center.
(3) mixed distribution model
This model combines the advantages of the two distribution modes, and the flow of goods to control the whole process, effectively overcome the shortcomings of traditional logistics. adopt this species distribution patterns and circulation enterprises, the larger, with a considerable investment in equipment, such as the regional logistics and distribution center. in actual circulation, to take a more diversified, reducing business risk. This mode of operation more in line with the new logistics and distribution requirements (especially the logistics distribution under electronic commerce).
II integration of the global economy of the circulation trends
since the 20th century, 80 years, the development of international circulation, there is a noteworthy trend. This trend is the consolidation trend in circulation. The so-called Integration (Integrate), that is comprehensive, integrated, systematic, integrated and break through the walls mean. Here, the integration of circulation at least four meanings: First, flow of business process integration, there is no added value of eliminating unnecessary intermediate links, and various forms of waste, to improve circulation efficiency and effectiveness; the second is the integration of circulation elements, including logistics, business flow, information flow and technology flow integration; third cross-regional flow of business and organizational integration of business activities to achieve economies of scope and economies of scale and optimize the flow of organizational structure. Fourth, cross-industry, cross-sectoral integration, driven by the demand for final consumption, integration vendors, manufacturers and suppliers of raw materials of various business activities, in order to obtain the largest and most effective value-added effect. integration and optimization of business processes and value added chain, is to promote the circulation intensive management and enhance overall competitiveness of industry, an effective way to .
one integrated core circulation
(a) the integration of the concept described in the international flow of
or logistics, there are four different words: Distribution Distribution, Physical Distribution Logistics, Logistics logistics, Supply Chain Management is the supply chain management. early, some of them rather narrow definition of terms, and quite different meaning. At present, the connotation of these terms have gradually evolved into the largest circulation and the generalized concept of logistics In 1986, American Logistics Association will uniform distribution and logistics is defined as: to meet consumer demand for the purpose of raw materials, WIP, finished goods and related information, from production sites to consumption sites and manage the flow between .1997, Supply Chain Council (SCC) : The supply chain is defined as: supply chain covers suppliers from suppliers to consumers to consumers, from production to delivery of finished goods of various work efforts. comparison shows that modern logistics, integrated logistics and supply chain management the meaning of such concepts are very similar, are the largest circulation to study the object, from raw material supply, manufacturing, wholesale, retail and value-added until the recovery of the entire value chain and business processes. This concept of integration, encourage people to broaden their horizons and thinking, large-systems thinking, and explore how to improve the responsiveness of the entire distribution process and the quality, reliability and customer satisfaction, and reduce operating costs.
(b) the integration of
circulation mode refers to the circulation pattern with meaning of a particular distribution channels and mode of operation, with specific structural characteristics of distribution channels and channel characteristics of the relationship between members .80 years later, the international circulation of many new strategies and models, for example, JustmInmTime real-time management, Quick Response rapid response strategy, Effective Customer Response consumers to respond effectively in circulation mode. These new management strategies and models have a common characteristic, namely, the premise of a large circulation for a broad category of goods to logistics, information flow and expand the business flow and other integrated management.
1986, facing a large number of garment exports from developing countries and low-cost competition, Europe and the United States in order to establish competitive advantage in high-end apparel, Wal-Mart company led by the United States, textiles, apparel and retail industry, rapid response strategy in cooperation QR. QR rapid response strategy is the fastest way, at the right time, right place, right price expectations of consumers to provide appropriate products to meet consumer demand for appropriate . QR rapid response strategy to implement the most direct effect is to make the apparel industry, the supply of commodities cycle, dropped from 125 days to 30 days, the annual cost savings of $ 12,000,000,000.
(c) the organizational structure of the integrated flow of generalized
the circulation, including retail, wholesale, manufacturing, logistics and finance and other industries, through extensive cooperation and mergers, the formation of new alliances or business enterprise group, if the chain of business processes by industry division, there are vertical cooperation and horizontal cooperation two types, from loose to tight, organized a variety of forms. circulation vertical coordination is the value chain suppliers, manufacturers, retailers and consumers a reasonable division of labor, with all advantages and lower transaction costs, improve operational efficiency, create value more effectively. There are long-term cooperation with suppliers to establish relations, production, supply and integration, the dynamic supply network, distributor, and the total distribution and other means. circulation main form of horizontal collaboration include: trade associations, joint procurement of the club, co-marketing agreement, licensing, equity participation in enterprise alliances, joint ventures, mergers and other holding and.
Sweden IKEA is the industrial model of vertical integration. The company carry out the Furniture on suppliers to provide technology, equipment, quality management, material procurement channels and other aspects of support. The company was established more than 10 worldwide warehouse center for storage, transport and logistics, and use global information management system, management retail outlets around the world, suppliers and warehousing center.
(d) the integration of information networks
industrial value-added chain in the circulation between the upstream and downstream companies, mutual information sharing, especially in sharing information about the dynamic changes in final consumption . by promoting the full flow of information, eliminate unnecessary transport of goods, the backlog and out of luck. based on accuracy and precision. refinement of information management and greatly reduce the uncertainty between supply and demand, and WIP, semi and finished goods inventory, reduce working capital occupied, reducing the inventory of possible failure and loss of economic losses. It should be standardized message formats and encoding, the establishment of a shared information network, improvement of information transfer mode improve the information network system among enterprises operating efficiency.
Once information sharing, very considerable economic benefits, will greatly improve the resilience of the entire distribution process and speed.
(e) the integration of resources in circulation
consumer groups according to geographical distribution and economic development, comprehensive planning area retail outlets, warehouses, transportation, distribution centers and roads and other facilities, the total capacity, and manufacturing productivity. application of geographic information systems and global decision support system to carry out planning and layout, system configuration, the regional logistics center and transit point for goods distribution center in front. implementation of the circulation cross-regional and transnational chain operations, a broad sales network and product procurement network to obtain economies of scale and scope of economic benefits . for meat and fresh vegetables, special requirements of construction of the processing, transportation, storage and sale of display such as the integration of frozen fresh chain. In addition, the soft flow of resources to carry out the integration, such as development brokers brands, advanced management mode share and experience.
(f) The Government of the circulation management to establish and improve the integration of
circulation on a large technical and management standards, such as logistics and transport standards, standard containers, goods bar code standards, EDI standards for electronic data interchange format and so on. At the same time, straighten out the relationships and management mechanism, laws and regulations and establish a unified regulations.
In fact, as the global economic integration, the integration of the global distribution and logistics issues have begun to study and gradually overcome obstacles, steady progress.
two main reasons led to consolidation trend in circulation
(a) an opportunity for global economic integration
global economic integration, open up a business perspective, providing new market opportunities, new external resources and new partners, but also demonstrated a wider range of competition and challenges. As a result, integrated distribution process, to obtain the overall competitiveness of new industry, it is extremely necessary and urgent.
(b ) needs change and the role of technology development efforts
modern consumer market personalized, diverse characteristics, fast changes in consumer popularity. This is a higher manufacturing and circulation requirements, including short-distribution cycle, high service quality, low cost, quick response. the rapid development of science and technology, new product innovation. product life cycles continue to shorten the manufacturing process of circulation also require a strong resilience and operational efficiency. One is the demand pull, a science and technology development thrust, forming a circulation of integration efforts.
(c) of the circulation itself the result of competition
order to improve efficiency and effectiveness, circulation need to dig deeper to the economies of scale, economies of scope and cost study . Circulation of the great integration provides a third source of profits, that is, reduce costs, improve efficiency and new ways to increase profits. the traditional sense of the first ways to cut costs is to reduce the variable costs of operating their own, such as attrition, reduced consumption, reduce management expenses. The second way is to reduce fixed costs, such as choosing a good transportation urban fringe shop. now turn to reduce the flow of process operations and logistics costs, while reducing costs, efforts to improve and enhance service level.
(d) of modern information and network technology
strong support the rapid development of information technology, greatly reducing the information search, information storage, information transmission and information analysis of the cost. in circulation, it has already developed the main technologies: POS point of sale management, CAO computer-assisted ordering, EOS e-ordering system, ASN advance shipping notice, EFT electronic funds transfer and so on. In addition, Intranet Intranet, Extranet Internet, LAN and Internet. modern information and network technology , to provide a strong flow of integrated technical support.
trends
the Competitive Section I,
increasing market competition in China's WTO accession China's logistics market, competition has intensified after China joined WTO, .2001, in the Chinese logistics market, not only express, suddenly appeared in the retail sector, such as UPS, FedEx, Wal-Mart, Carrefour and other international giants in the traditional areas of docks and shipping, Maersk, Singapore Port, Hutchison Whampoa heavyweight international business, etc. also speed up the landing distribution, meaning a huge amount in China, the annual growth rate of 30% or more of the logistics market.
named to the logistics business is increasing. According to the data show that the end of last year, China had as many as 70 million as ways to expand the logistics business: First, to enter the Chinese market with their own into a self-serving foreign third-party logistics companies such as Wal-Mart, McDonald; Second, localization strategy, looking for partners in China, or China Logistics transformation of enterprises, for their own services, such as Procter & Gamble, IBM, Nokia, etc.; Third, foreign logistics companies to enter China, the initiative for the foreign-funded enterprises and Chinese enterprises. such as Japan, respectively, in 1992 General Corporation in Dalian, and Shanghai in 1994 set up a logistics company in Shenzhen.
international logistics giants into the Chinese domestic logistics companies fought back, getting the logistics market, the smoke from the battle for multinational logistics enterprises to continue into the Chinese logistics market, and compete in this market in a brewing war. < br> shelf pull the largest the world's largest courier companies mm U.S. UPS, direct China, the Chinese express delivery market to intense competition, postal and courier company for several years a number of grievances with the outbreak.
contrast , PSA is eager to enclosure. PSA is the world's most powerful one of the container terminal management, container throughput of the two previous years has been ranked the world, has long been the heart of the Mainland of China, this wish Guangzhou to Hong Kong who finally realized. Guangzhou to Hong Kong before joining the PSA, the two sides formed a joint venture 800 million yuan in Guangzhou Container Terminal Co., Ltd.. This move one, affecting the logistics industry in the Pearl River Delta. At present the Pearl River Delta logistics major by Hong Kong, Shenzhen transit. Since joining the Singapore giant, this pattern will change soon. In addition to Hong Kong logistics companies in Europe are also the manifestation of overt or covert intention to enter China.
challenges, the domestic logistics enterprises to rise counterattack. moves fast on the door of the enterprise market, relying on the familiar, pay close attention to seize some of the logistics industry, typically represented by Sinopec. Recently, in the petrochemical and oil logistics Changjiang Shipping Group, established a joint venture co-owned and operated petroleum products logistics business. In addition, the domestic logistics enterprises slight forces are waiting for an opportunity to enter the international market, the war to distract from their own, to experience a taste of international competition. This area is represented by the logistics company in Zhuhai, Sichuan September, the company to new ideas provide distribution services for the production, the introduction of the well-known ERP management software, enabled the GPS satellite positioning systems, logistics information and distribution networks in the basic radiation, it is also registered a branch in the United States. Now, the Japanese China > In the competition for the domestic logistics market, it is worth mentioning that the domestic listed companies. these listed companies use in the capital markets to obtain financial advantage, moving into the logistics industry. At present, the Shenzhen and Shanghai listed companies in both the original logistics industry in 26 families, of which there are 9 SSE, the SSE has 17. When the logistics has become the new economic growth point, the part of the listed companies began to turn their attention to the heat flow, an explicit proposal to enter the warehouse mm logistics system and to promote the establishment and development of innovation by actively expanding the concept of logistics transportation business, up to now, both Shenzhen and Shanghai with more than 50 listed companies were involved in the logistics industry. into the listed company from the logistics transportation, such as: Sinotrans Development , the storage shares, Shenzhen Airport, Shanggangjixiang; commerce and trade, such as Hualian Supermarket, friendship groups; manufacturing industries such as: Qingdao Beer, Qingdao Haier, Yanjing beer. from the listed company engaged in logistics activities, the content of view almost cover the storage, transportation / distribution, packaging, processing, agents, information services, logistics of the whole process.
matter came before or after is to, no matter how forces, domestic and foreign logistics enterprises in the logistics market clearly wants to sub- soup, the logistics market, sooner or later the war broke out.
Second, the regional competition waged
addition to enterprises, China's logistics center in the city have joined the ranks of battle, from south to north, are claimed to be an international logistics center.
many parts of the country as the local logistics industry is currently regarded as a pillar industry to the development of the logistics industry have increased on the basis of inputs, construction of logistics bases, logistics centers and introduce relevant policies to encourage local logistics companies development.
many parts of the government is working on research and development of regional logistics development planning and the promotion of policies. Shenzhen, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Qingdao and other coastal areas on the development of the logistics Government attaches great importance has been demonstrated.
development of the logistics industry in Guangdong has been the economic field as one of the four main directions. Shenzhen clear the development of modern logistics industry as one of the three pillar industries in Shenzhen, plans to build eight logistics parks. Guangzhou, Dongguan, Foshan and other cities are also developing logistics planning, a number of logistics infrastructure has started.
completed as originally planned in Shanghai international economic, financial and trade center, then add an international shipping center, the international logistics center, and the introduction of the Logistics Park, the sea, land and air, Hong Kong's port logistics; meet the commercial wholesale and retail distribution logistics industry; relying on information platform for the development of e-commerce logistics. and plans in the distribution center outside the city 3 to 5.
in the development of Tianjin last year to the development of modern logistics as the , respectively, while the construction of six different characteristics of logistics ...
Section
e-commerce trends in the Internet an open network environment, based on browser / server applications ways to achieve the consumer's online shopping , online transactions between enterprises and online electronic payment of a new type of transaction. the essential difference between electronic commerce and traditional commerce, it is the digital network as the basis for commodity, currency and service transactions aimed at reducing the information society, the business center areas, reduce cycle time, reduce costs, improve operational efficiency, improve service quality, to enable enterprises to compete effectively.
positioned for e-commerce logistics and distribution services to customers, according to the characteristics of e-commerce, logistics and distribution system for the implementation of the unified information management and scheduling, in accordance with the requirements of the user orders, work in the logistics base for cargo handling and cargo sent to the consignee with a good way of logistics. This advanced optimization methods on distribution companies to improve circulation service quality, reduce logistics costs, optimize the social stock configuration, thereby enhancing the economic and social significance, distribution and production logistics as an effective organization, represents the main direction of modern marketing, which are quickly development.
one catalytic traditional e-commerce revolution in logistics and distribution system
review the development process, can be said that experienced three revolutions. early stage is to send things to your door. In order to improve operational efficiency, many domestic businesses more extensive to deliver the goods by the buyer hands, this is the first revolution of Commerce. The second logistics revolution is accompanied by the emergence of e-commerce generated, this is a transformative change, not only affect their own logistics and distribution, also affected upstream and downstream of the system, including providers, consumers. third time is the logistics and distribution logistics revolution of information technology and network technology, widely used by the implications of these effects is useful, make logistics more efficient. We call these effects as the third revolution in logistics and distribution.
(a) e-commerce logistics and distribution of traditional impact and influence
1, to the traditional concept of logistics and distribution can be profound revolution has brought the traditional
logistics and distribution companies need to keep a large area of the warehouse, and e-commerce systems networked virtual enterprises scattered in various parts of the warehouse belonging to different owners connected through the network system to become management and deployment of use of services and goods distribution space fixed radius enlarged. such enterprises in the rate of organizational resources, scale, efficiency and the rational allocation of resources are unmatched by traditional logistics and distribution, and the corresponding logistics concept must also be is new.
2, the implementation of logistics and distribution network control instead of the traditional logistics and distribution management program
an advanced use of the system, an enterprise will bring new management methods. the traditional logistics process is composed by a number of business processes, by human factors and time influence. network applications can realize the whole process of real-time monitoring and real-time decision-making. The new logistics business processes by the network connection. When the system any of the nerve terminal receives a demand for information, the system can be in a very short period of time to react, and can develop a detailed delivery plan to inform the link to work. All this work is designed by a computer according to people in advance automatically done good.
3, the duration of logistics and distribution network will greatly shorten the environment, on a higher rate of logistics and distribution requirements
traditional logistics management, the exchange of information limit the time to complete a relatively long distribution process, but this time with the network system will become increasingly involved in short, any distribution of information and resources on the network management will be a few seconds passed in the relevant link.
4, network intervention, the process of simplifying the logistics and distribution logistics and distribution throughout the part of the traditional
very cumbersome, in the new logistics and distribution network center can greatly shorten the process: the network support group technology under In the network environment can be used more thoroughly, logistics and distribution cycle will shorten, the organization will also change; computer systems management can make the logistics and distribution management process simple and easy; network allows users to purchase sales promotion and the transaction process more efficient, lower cost; can improve the competitiveness of logistics and distribution companies; With the popularity of logistics and distribution industry, and development of competition in the industry greatly increased the scope and brutality of information to grasp, effective dissemination of information and its easy to get sex, so get with the traditional methods of time and amount of excess profits will be less and less; network intervention, the potential of people have full play, self-realization as the majority of staff motivation.
In summary, the implementation of information distribution system, the development of information technology, automation, modern logistics and distribution industry is a new development and improvement of an important part of e-commerce services, is imperative.
(ii) E Business E-commerce Logistics Distribution Logistics Distribution
that information and modernization, socialization of logistics and distribution. It is a network of logistics and distribution companies and modern computer technology hardware, software and advanced management tools for social needs, strictly, the word land according to the user's order request, a series of classification, allocation, consolidation, division of labor, distribution and other cargo handling work, timing, location, quantitative limits to the scope of the various users is not to meet their demand for commodities.
can be seen that this new type of logistics and distribution is based on a new look, innovative pioneer in the distribution basin and represents the main direction of modern marketing. new logistics and distribution to the circulation of commodities the more traditional way of logistics and distribution of information easier, automation, modernization, social, intelligence, rationalization, simplification, so that smooth flow of goods, the best use, both to reduce production business inventories, speed up cash flow and improve logistics efficiency and reduce logistics costs, but also stimulated the needs of the community, benefit the entire community macro space, but also improve the economic benefits of the whole society, and promote the healthy development of the market economy.
new addition to having the traditional logistics logistics distribution of features, it also has the following basic features:
1, information
logistics through the network so that armed with the information. implementation of information management is a new logistics and distribution of the basic features. This is the realization of modernization and social the premise that.
2, modern logistics and distribution of traditional
although with a considerable degree of modernization, but the requirement is not very strict. than a new logistics distribution under electronic commerce than in terms of level, scope, level such a link has a lot of shortcomings and gaps. is the difference between the level of modernization of new and traditional logistics and distribution logistics and distribution is an important feature.
3, with the modernization of social
as high and low degree of social is also a difference between new and traditional logistics and distribution logistics is an important feature.
many traditional logistics and distribution center is often an enterprise as to the enterprise or the provision of logistics and distribution services system set up, although some were for distribution center social services, but with a new logistics distribution under electronic commerce are compared with the real social, has great limitations.
Second, new features and operation of the logistics distribution center type
(a) of the new logistics Features
distribution center logistics and distribution industry, according to the development of domestic and foreign, in the age of electronic commerce, information technology, modernization, socialization of new distribution center can be summarized as the following features:
1, fast response, logistics and distribution : e-commerce, the new logistics service provider for the upstream and downstream logistics and distribution needs of the reaction faster, shorter lead times, shorter delivery time, logistics and distribution faster and faster, Commodity turnover with increasing frequency.
2, integrated logistics and distribution functions
will focus on new logistics and distribution logistics and supply chain integration in other areas, including: logistics channels and business flow channel integration, logistics channels integration between the logistics function integration, logistics and manufacturing aspects of integration links.
3, series
e-commerce logistics and distribution services, the new emphasis on logistics and distribution logistics and distribution services than the proper positioning and improved serialization, in addition to the traditional storage, transportation, packaging, distribution and processing services, has also extended to the extension of market research and forecasting, purchasing and order processing, logistics and distribution extends down to consulting, logistics and distribution scheme selection and planning, inventory control strategy proposed loan recovery and settlement, education and training and other value-added services; to improve the content of the above services to support decision-making role.
4, logistics and distribution operations under the new standardized
logistics e-commerce emphasis on functional processes, operations, standardization and operational procedures, to make complex operations into simple, easy operation of the promotion and evaluation.
5, logistics and distribution logistics and distribution of new target systematic
overall planning from a system perspective A whole variety of logistics and distribution company activities, handle logistics and distribution activities and the flow of commerce between the activities and corporate objectives, logistics and distribution activities and the relationship between logistics and distribution activities, not for the optimization of a single activity, but to the overall activity optimization.
6, logistics and distribution means a new modern
logistics distribution under electronic commerce using advanced technology, equipment and management services for sales, production, distribution and sale of larger, more wide range of logistics and distribution technology, equipment and management of the more modern.
7, logistics and distribution network
organization of product promotion in order to ensure to provide fast, comprehensive logistics support, the new need for a sound logistics and distribution, improve logistics and distribution network system, network between points on the logistics and distribution activities to maintain systematic, consistent, so you can ensure that the entire logistics and distribution network has the best overall level of inventory and inventory distribution, transportation and distribution fast, flexible, and can spread both Shoulong. monomer dispersed only a network of logistics and distribution to meet the needs of modern production and circulation.
8, logistics and distribution management market
new logistics and distribution business with a specific market mechanism, whether it is logistics and distribution companies own organization, or commissioned by social enterprises to take logistics and distribution logistics tasks are to cargo, container order handling, handling and other operations in accordance with automation standards, distribution of goods in accordance with the best routes.
10, logistics and distribution management of the legal system
macro, there must be sound and regulations, systems and rules; micro , the new logistics and distribution enterprises should act according to law, to act according to Zhang.
(b) The type of distribution center operation is the flow of logistics and distribution sector
link production and consumption, so that the benefits produced time and place the facilities to improve logistics and distribution operational efficiency is the key to reducing distribution costs. logistics and distribution is a complex scientific systems engineering, involving the production, wholesale, e-commerce, distribution and consumers, the overall structure, operation type is also varied. investigated in the traditional logistics operation type, the design of our new distribution center has an important mode of reference.
1, the main distribution center at the different operations, generally there are four types:
(1) the manufacturer as the main This distribution center
goods distribution center is 100% of their production to reduce distribution costs, improve service quality and timely pre-installed for the transportation of groups of components to the required machining and assembly work bit. from commodity manufacturing to post-produced and packaged with bar codes and other aspects are easier to control, in accordance with modern, automated and easy off distribution center designed to compare, but do not have the social requirements.
(2) to wholesaler as the main distribution center
goods from the manufacturer to consumers between the traditional wholesale distribution there is a link called. usually by different departments or product categories to each manufacturer's products together, and then with a single variety or retailers to the distribution of consumption. This distribution center of goods from various manufacturers, it is an important activity carried out to make is to summarize and re-sale of goods, and it's all stockmerchandise stores, supermarkets, department stores, building materials stores, food grain and oil shops, hotels and restaurants and other services. socialization between between the first two.
(4) as the main transport operators in warehouse distribution center that the strongest distribution center is the transport and distribution capabilities, strategic location, such as harbors, rail and road hub, you can quickly reach the cargo distribution to users. It provides warehousing storage spaces to the manufacturer or supplier of goods and distribution center is still are manufacturers or suppliers only provide warehouse management distribution centers and transportation and distribution services. This distribution center tend to have higher degree of modernization.
2, the application of logistics and distribution pattern from the point of view there are three main types:
(1) set of goods-distribution model
models mainly for the procurement of logistics on the home and the formation process of innovation. Its on the home production of interrelated, independent of each other under the house, the home of the distribution center's storage level was greater than under the house, the house is relatively concentrated, and dispersed under the house a considerable demand. Moreover, such distribution centers also stressed its processing capabilities. Such distribution patterns for the marketing of finished or semi-finished goods, such as automotive distribution centers. < br> (2) bulk-distribution model
in this model is the lower house formed to optimize the delivery of logistics. on the family's dependence on the distribution center is less than under the house, and the relative distribution center under the house centralized or shared interests (such as chains). the use of such distribution patterns of distribution companies, the last home competition, demand for the next home to many varieties, small quantities of the main characteristics of raw materials or semi-finished goods for distribution, such as mechanical and electrical products distribution center.
(3) mixed distribution model
This model combines the advantages of the two distribution modes, and the flow of goods to control the whole process, effectively overcome the shortcomings of traditional logistics. adopt this species distribution patterns and circulation enterprises, the larger, with a considerable investment in equipment, such as the regional logistics and distribution center. in actual circulation, to take a more diversified, reducing business risk. This mode of operation more in line with the new logistics and distribution requirements (especially the logistics distribution under electronic commerce).
II integration of the global economy of the circulation trends
since the 20th century, 80 years, the development of international circulation, there is a noteworthy trend. This trend is the consolidation trend in circulation. The so-called Integration (Integrate), that is comprehensive, integrated, systematic, integrated and break through the walls mean. Here, the integration of circulation at least four meanings: First, flow of business process integration, there is no added value of eliminating unnecessary intermediate links, and various forms of waste, to improve circulation efficiency and effectiveness; the second is the integration of circulation elements, including logistics, business flow, information flow and technology flow integration; third cross-regional flow of business and organizational integration of business activities to achieve economies of scope and economies of scale and optimize the flow of organizational structure. Fourth, cross-industry, cross-sectoral integration, driven by the demand for final consumption, integration vendors, manufacturers and suppliers of raw materials of various business activities, in order to obtain the largest and most effective value-added effect. integration and optimization of business processes and value added chain, is to promote the circulation intensive management and enhance overall competitiveness of industry, an effective way to .
one integrated core circulation
(a) the integration of the concept described in the international flow of
or logistics, there are four different words: Distribution Distribution, Physical Distribution Logistics, Logistics logistics, Supply Chain Management is the supply chain management. early, some of them rather narrow definition of terms, and quite different meaning. At present, the connotation of these terms have gradually evolved into the largest circulation and the generalized concept of logistics In 1986, American Logistics Association will uniform distribution and logistics is defined as: to meet consumer demand for the purpose of raw materials, WIP, finished goods and related information, from production sites to consumption sites and manage the flow between .1997, Supply Chain Council (SCC) : The supply chain is defined as: supply chain covers suppliers from suppliers to consumers to consumers, from production to delivery of finished goods of various work efforts. comparison shows that modern logistics, integrated logistics and supply chain management the meaning of such concepts are very similar, are the largest circulation to study the object, from raw material supply, manufacturing, wholesale, retail and value-added until the recovery of the entire value chain and business processes. This concept of integration, encourage people to broaden their horizons and thinking, large-systems thinking, and explore how to improve the responsiveness of the entire distribution process and the quality, reliability and customer satisfaction, and reduce operating costs.
(b) the integration of
circulation mode refers to the circulation pattern with meaning of a particular distribution channels and mode of operation, with specific structural characteristics of distribution channels and channel characteristics of the relationship between members .80 years later, the international circulation of many new strategies and models, for example, JustmInmTime real-time management, Quick Response rapid response strategy, Effective Customer Response consumers to respond effectively in circulation mode. These new management strategies and models have a common characteristic, namely, the premise of a large circulation for a broad category of goods to logistics, information flow and expand the business flow and other integrated management.
1986, facing a large number of garment exports from developing countries and low-cost competition, Europe and the United States in order to establish competitive advantage in high-end apparel, Wal-Mart company led by the United States, textiles, apparel and retail industry, rapid response strategy in cooperation QR. QR rapid response strategy is the fastest way, at the right time, right place, right price expectations of consumers to provide appropriate products to meet consumer demand for appropriate . QR rapid response strategy to implement the most direct effect is to make the apparel industry, the supply of commodities cycle, dropped from 125 days to 30 days, the annual cost savings of $ 12,000,000,000.
(c) the organizational structure of the integrated flow of generalized
the circulation, including retail, wholesale, manufacturing, logistics and finance and other industries, through extensive cooperation and mergers, the formation of new alliances or business enterprise group, if the chain of business processes by industry division, there are vertical cooperation and horizontal cooperation two types, from loose to tight, organized a variety of forms. circulation vertical coordination is the value chain suppliers, manufacturers, retailers and consumers a reasonable division of labor, with all advantages and lower transaction costs, improve operational efficiency, create value more effectively. There are long-term cooperation with suppliers to establish relations, production, supply and integration, the dynamic supply network, distributor, and the total distribution and other means. circulation main form of horizontal collaboration include: trade associations, joint procurement of the club, co-marketing agreement, licensing, equity participation in enterprise alliances, joint ventures, mergers and other holding and.
Sweden IKEA is the industrial model of vertical integration. The company carry out the Furniture on suppliers to provide technology, equipment, quality management, material procurement channels and other aspects of support. The company was established more than 10 worldwide warehouse center for storage, transport and logistics, and use global information management system, management retail outlets around the world, suppliers and warehousing center.
(d) the integration of information networks
industrial value-added chain in the circulation between the upstream and downstream companies, mutual information sharing, especially in sharing information about the dynamic changes in final consumption . by promoting the full flow of information, eliminate unnecessary transport of goods, the backlog and out of luck. based on accuracy and precision. refinement of information management and greatly reduce the uncertainty between supply and demand, and WIP, semi and finished goods inventory, reduce working capital occupied, reducing the inventory of possible failure and loss of economic losses. It should be standardized message formats and encoding, the establishment of a shared information network, improvement of information transfer mode improve the information network system among enterprises operating efficiency.
Once information sharing, very considerable economic benefits, will greatly improve the resilience of the entire distribution process and speed.
(e) the integration of resources in circulation
consumer groups according to geographical distribution and economic development, comprehensive planning area retail outlets, warehouses, transportation, distribution centers and roads and other facilities, the total capacity, and manufacturing productivity. application of geographic information systems and global decision support system to carry out planning and layout, system configuration, the regional logistics center and transit point for goods distribution center in front. implementation of the circulation cross-regional and transnational chain operations, a broad sales network and product procurement network to obtain economies of scale and scope of economic benefits . for meat and fresh vegetables, special requirements of construction of the processing, transportation, storage and sale of display such as the integration of frozen fresh chain. In addition, the soft flow of resources to carry out the integration, such as development brokers brands, advanced management mode share and experience.
(f) The Government of the circulation management to establish and improve the integration of
circulation on a large technical and management standards, such as logistics and transport standards, standard containers, goods bar code standards, EDI standards for electronic data interchange format and so on. At the same time, straighten out the relationships and management mechanism, laws and regulations and establish a unified regulations.
In fact, as the global economic integration, the integration of the global distribution and logistics issues have begun to study and gradually overcome obstacles, steady progress.
two main reasons led to consolidation trend in circulation
(a) an opportunity for global economic integration
global economic integration, open up a business perspective, providing new market opportunities, new external resources and new partners, but also demonstrated a wider range of competition and challenges. As a result, integrated distribution process, to obtain the overall competitiveness of new industry, it is extremely necessary and urgent.
(b ) needs change and the role of technology development efforts
modern consumer market personalized, diverse characteristics, fast changes in consumer popularity. This is a higher manufacturing and circulation requirements, including short-distribution cycle, high service quality, low cost, quick response. the rapid development of science and technology, new product innovation. product life cycles continue to shorten the manufacturing process of circulation also require a strong resilience and operational efficiency. One is the demand pull, a science and technology development thrust, forming a circulation of integration efforts.
(c) of the circulation itself the result of competition
order to improve efficiency and effectiveness, circulation need to dig deeper to the economies of scale, economies of scope and cost study . Circulation of the great integration provides a third source of profits, that is, reduce costs, improve efficiency and new ways to increase profits. the traditional sense of the first ways to cut costs is to reduce the variable costs of operating their own, such as attrition, reduced consumption, reduce management expenses. The second way is to reduce fixed costs, such as choosing a good transportation urban fringe shop. now turn to reduce the flow of process operations and logistics costs, while reducing costs, efforts to improve and enhance service level.
(d) of modern information and network technology
strong support the rapid development of information technology, greatly reducing the information search, information storage, information transmission and information analysis of the cost. in circulation, it has already developed the main technologies: POS point of sale management, CAO computer-assisted ordering, EOS e-ordering system, ASN advance shipping notice, EFT electronic funds transfer and so on. In addition, Intranet Intranet, Extranet Internet, LAN and Internet. modern information and network technology , to provide a strong flow of integrated technical support.
trends
the Competitive Section I,
increasing market competition in China's WTO accession China's logistics market, competition has intensified after China joined WTO, .2001, in the Chinese logistics market, not only express, suddenly appeared in the retail sector, such as UPS, FedEx, Wal-Mart, Carrefour and other international giants in the traditional areas of docks and shipping, Maersk, Singapore Port, Hutchison Whampoa heavyweight international business, etc. also speed up the landing distribution, meaning a huge amount in China, the annual growth rate of 30% or more of the logistics market.
named to the logistics business is increasing. According to the data show that the end of last year, China had as many as 70 million as ways to expand the logistics business: First, to enter the Chinese market with their own into a self-serving foreign third-party logistics companies such as Wal-Mart, McDonald; Second, localization strategy, looking for partners in China, or China Logistics transformation of enterprises, for their own services, such as Procter & Gamble, IBM, Nokia, etc.; Third, foreign logistics companies to enter China, the initiative for the foreign-funded enterprises and Chinese enterprises. such as Japan, respectively, in 1992 General Corporation in Dalian, and Shanghai in 1994 set up a logistics company in Shenzhen.
international logistics giants into the Chinese domestic logistics companies fought back, getting the logistics market, the smoke from the battle for multinational logistics enterprises to continue into the Chinese logistics market, and compete in this market in a brewing war. < br> shelf pull the largest the world's largest courier companies mm U.S. UPS, direct China, the Chinese express delivery market to intense competition, postal and courier company for several years a number of grievances with the outbreak.
contrast , PSA is eager to enclosure. PSA is the world's most powerful one of the container terminal management, container throughput of the two previous years has been ranked the world, has long been the heart of the Mainland of China, this wish Guangzhou to Hong Kong who finally realized. Guangzhou to Hong Kong before joining the PSA, the two sides formed a joint venture 800 million yuan in Guangzhou Container Terminal Co., Ltd.. This move one, affecting the logistics industry in the Pearl River Delta. At present the Pearl River Delta logistics major by Hong Kong, Shenzhen transit. Since joining the Singapore giant, this pattern will change soon. In addition to Hong Kong logistics companies in Europe are also the manifestation of overt or covert intention to enter China.
challenges, the domestic logistics enterprises to rise counterattack. moves fast on the door of the enterprise market, relying on the familiar, pay close attention to seize some of the logistics industry, typically represented by Sinopec. Recently, in the petrochemical and oil logistics Changjiang Shipping Group, established a joint venture co-owned and operated petroleum products logistics business. In addition, the domestic logistics enterprises slight forces are waiting for an opportunity to enter the international market, the war to distract from their own, to experience a taste of international competition. This area is represented by the logistics company in Zhuhai, Sichuan September, the company to new ideas provide distribution services for the production, the introduction of the well-known ERP management software, enabled the GPS satellite positioning systems, logistics information and distribution networks in the basic radiation, it is also registered a branch in the United States. Now, the Japanese China > In the competition for the domestic logistics market, it is worth mentioning that the domestic listed companies. these listed companies use in the capital markets to obtain financial advantage, moving into the logistics industry. At present, the Shenzhen and Shanghai listed companies in both the original logistics industry in 26 families, of which there are 9 SSE, the SSE has 17. When the logistics has become the new economic growth point, the part of the listed companies began to turn their attention to the heat flow, an explicit proposal to enter the warehouse mm logistics system and to promote the establishment and development of innovation by actively expanding the concept of logistics transportation business, up to now, both Shenzhen and Shanghai with more than 50 listed companies were involved in the logistics industry. into the listed company from the logistics transportation, such as: Sinotrans Development , the storage shares, Shenzhen Airport, Shanggangjixiang; commerce and trade, such as Hualian Supermarket, friendship groups; manufacturing industries such as: Qingdao Beer, Qingdao Haier, Yanjing beer. from the listed company engaged in logistics activities, the content of view almost cover the storage, transportation / distribution, packaging, processing, agents, information services, logistics of the whole process.
matter came before or after is to, no matter how forces, domestic and foreign logistics enterprises in the logistics market clearly wants to sub- soup, the logistics market, sooner or later the war broke out.
Second, the regional competition waged
addition to enterprises, China's logistics center in the city have joined the ranks of battle, from south to north, are claimed to be an international logistics center.
many parts of the country as the local logistics industry is currently regarded as a pillar industry to the development of the logistics industry have increased on the basis of inputs, construction of logistics bases, logistics centers and introduce relevant policies to encourage local logistics companies development.
many parts of the government is working on research and development of regional logistics development planning and the promotion of policies. Shenzhen, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Qingdao and other coastal areas on the development of the logistics Government attaches great importance has been demonstrated.
development of the logistics industry in Guangdong has been the economic field as one of the four main directions. Shenzhen clear the development of modern logistics industry as one of the three pillar industries in Shenzhen, plans to build eight logistics parks. Guangzhou, Dongguan, Foshan and other cities are also developing logistics planning, a number of logistics infrastructure has started.
completed as originally planned in Shanghai international economic, financial and trade center, then add an international shipping center, the international logistics center, and the introduction of the Logistics Park, the sea, land and air, Hong Kong's port logistics; meet the commercial wholesale and retail distribution logistics industry; relying on information platform for the development of e-commerce logistics. and plans in the distribution center outside the city 3 to 5.
in the development of Tianjin last year to the development of modern logistics as the , respectively, while the construction of six different characteristics of logistics ...
Monday, February 21, 2011
This set of data contains all of the above patented technology projects
Note: cash on delivery business website opened!
1. Water thin intumescent fire retardant coating and the steel structure preparation
2. forest fire water-based coatings and preparation methods
3. an intumescent coating
4. bubble boiling, transparent, water-soluble coating and manufacture of fire Law
5. A transparent water-based intumescent fire retardant paint
6. intumescent fire retardant coating transparent
7. intumescent fire retardant coating cable
8. polyurethane plastic coating and its Preparation Method fire
9. a transparent fire-resistant coating and manufacturing method
10. retardant coating 1
11. an inorganic intumescent fire retardant coating steel
12. retardant coating manufacturing methods
13. retardant coating composition
14. composite insulation fire retardant coating
15. a fire-resistant coating of melamine and colorful way of
16. New mineral wool fire insulation and waterproof coating compound
17. Resin Outdoor Steel structure of thin fire retardant paint
18. nanocomposite high-temperature fire-resistant coating
19. intumescent fire retardant coating
20. residential steel structure fire
21. a fire-resistant coating and its preparation method
22. thin intumescent fire retardant coating steel
23. multipurpose fire retardant coatings
24. based on nano-technology surface treatment coating tunnel fire and its manufacturing process
25. Tunnel fire retardant coating and manufacturing process
26. thin intumescent fire retardant coating and the steel manufacturing process
27. retardant coating composition and its use
28. complex functional materials based on the expansion of technology fire-resistant coating for steel structure and preparation method < br> 29. sub-mounted tunnel fire environment-friendly paint
30. new composite fire retardant coating
31. powders based on alternative low-temperature sintering and composite fiber technology from the steel structure fire
32. Inorganic single-component coating and its preparation method fireproof
33. Tunnel fire retardant coating and the manufacturing and construction technology
34. polymer modified cement-based paint thick coated steel structure fire
35. a transparent aromatic fire retardant paint
36. a kind of expandable graphite fire retardant coating and its preparation method of nano and application
37. a single system composite tunnel fire retardant paint
38. a new environmentally friendly fire protection intumescent finishes Paint
39. a thin smoke intumescent fire retardant coating and the steel structure preparation
40. based on polymer / clay intercalation modification modifier tunnel fire-resistant coating and its preparation method
41 . intumescent coating for the polymer binder
42. is the growth of trees and water-based fire retardant coating and the preparation method
43. steel structure fire special varnish coating and manufacturing method
44. environmentally friendly water thin intumescent fire retardant coating and the steel structure preparation
45. a kind of expandable graphite - thin layer powder coating tunnel fire
46. multifunctional fire retardant coating
47. solventless epoxy intumescent fire retardant coating and its preparation method
48. Tunnel fire retardant coating and its preparation method
49. a rail passenger car within the water of inorganic non-intumescent fire retardant coating Jiqizhifa
50. an anti- hydrocarbon thin intumescent fire retardant coating and the steel structure preparation
51. a thin low smoke halogen-free fire retardant coating of organic and inorganic compound and its preparation method
52. for the intumescent fire retardant coating on-site testing furnace and the detection method
53. Tunnel fire retardant coating
54. A room temperature curing transparent epoxy intumescent fire retardant coatings and preparation methods
55. intumescent fire retardant coating
56. for thin steel structure of the fire retardant coating and its preparation method
57. waterborne thin steel structure fire-resistant coating and its preparation method
58. intumescent fire retardant coating thermo-mechanical dilatometer
59.
housing insulation coating 60. thin silicon composite insulation coating
61. a hard wall insulation coating and its production process
62. a waterproof thermal insulation coating
63. green compound wall insulation coating and the production process
64. compound silicate insulation coating and its production methods
65. high-temperature fire insulation coating
66. new insulation coating and the production process
67. hydrophobic compound silicate insulation coatings and manufacturing methods
68. hydrophobic composite powder insulation coating and the production, use
69. a type of insulation coating applied and its production process
70. a composite insulation coating production methods
71. a new type of fire insulation and water repellent coating
72. xonotlite insulation coating
73. composite thermal insulation coatings and their production process
74. by water complex silicon salt insulation coating production process
75. composite porous network of carbon Results insulation coating
76. elastic silicate insulation and water repellent coatings manufacturing methods
77. Rare Earth Composite insulation coating and the production process
78. overall hydrophobic thermal insulation coating
79. New thermal insulation coatings and their production methods
80. Sugan (RE) composite waterproof insulation coating
81. light wall insulation Paint
82. nontoxic compound insulation coating
83. Non-asbestos insulation composite powder coatings and production methods
84. metallic insulation coating
85. non-asbestos mineral wall insulation coating
86 . hollow silicon diatomite composite building insulation coatings
87. composite energy-saving insulation coating
88. waterborne anti-corrosion insulation coating and its preparation method
89. one kind of thermal insulation coating manufacturing process off
90. waterborne architectural coatings and roll insulation Preparation Technology Forum
91. one kind of insulation waterproof coating layer coating
92. bicomponent particles of cement polystyrene foam insulation coating
93. two-component polystyrene foam particles of gypsum-based insulation coating
94. A thermal insulation coating modified bitumen manufacturing methods
95. A method of making polyurethane insulation coating
96. a nano-ceramic high temperature insulation coatings and their preparation methods and application
97. condensate-type housing insulation coating
98. high temperature thermal insulation coating and its preparation method
99. attapulgite insulation coating additives
100 . waterborne anti-corrosion coating thermal insulation composite
101. high temperature furnace insulation paint sprayer
102. metallic thermal coating surface
103. metallic iron with the insulation coating
104. Si-Mg aluminum composite insulation coating
105. Light asbestos heat insulation coating
106. use of microencapsulated phase change materials and method of insulation coating
107. environmentally friendly non-asbestos silicate composite insulation coating
108. ceramic insulation coating
109. nm insulation coating and its production methods
110. hot melt method of manufacturing fire-resistant insulation coating and the use of methods
111. a composite insulation materials production methods
112. inorganic composite insulation material and its production process
113. inorganic composite insulation materials and production methods
114. a wall of composite insulation materials, production methods and construction methods
115. hydrogel composite insulation material
116. electrolytic cell components for fire resistant paint
117. tundish refractory magnesia chrome coating
118. a high temperature resistant coating
119. a high-temperature refractory composite insulation coating production methods
120. used to prepare the model for fire resistant paint coating
121. cast iron thermal analysis of salicylic acid resistant coating on the sample cup and spraying
122. intumescent fire-resistant coatings and its coating of steel and foam-type fire-resistant coating layer forming method
123. a versatile interior wall paint and its production methods
124. one kind of thermal insulation coatings manufacturing methods
125. Sea fire thermal insulation coatings and silicon production methods
126. A powder thermal insulation coating and its preparation method
127. fire and powder coating production process
128. for ultra-thin powder coating of steel structure fire and its preparation method
129. on fire flammable materials, fire-retardant compound and its preparation with
130. one kind of steel structure fire method
131. fireproof waterproof canvas coating Its preparation process
132. water proof, strong adhesion of new paint
133. Fanghuo Qi
134. intumescent modified vinyl chloride Fanghuo Qi
135. transparent expansion Fanghuo Qi
136. to avoid rust corrosion Fanghuo Qi
137. environmentally friendly composite Fanghuo Qi
138. a waterproof coating impermeable leakproof
139. waterproof impermeable leakproof coating
140. multifunctional fire Flash decorative coating
141. a fire retardant and fire retardant building materials manufacturing methods
142. fire retardant and its production methods and uses
143. fire retardant
144. full-featured architectural coatings
145. waterproof fire building materials
146. radiation curable halogen-free flame retardant containing nitrogen phosphide and its preparation method
147. Coating composition
148 fire . safe fire insulation floating bead composite refractory
149. intumescent fire retardant steel decorative coatings
information contained in this set of patents all of the above items. more information, visit Kyushu rich network: www.9zzf.cn query!
1. Water thin intumescent fire retardant coating and the steel structure preparation
2. forest fire water-based coatings and preparation methods
3. an intumescent coating
4. bubble boiling, transparent, water-soluble coating and manufacture of fire Law
5. A transparent water-based intumescent fire retardant paint
6. intumescent fire retardant coating transparent
7. intumescent fire retardant coating cable
8. polyurethane plastic coating and its Preparation Method fire
9. a transparent fire-resistant coating and manufacturing method
10. retardant coating 1
11. an inorganic intumescent fire retardant coating steel
12. retardant coating manufacturing methods
13. retardant coating composition
14. composite insulation fire retardant coating
15. a fire-resistant coating of melamine and colorful way of
16. New mineral wool fire insulation and waterproof coating compound
17. Resin Outdoor Steel structure of thin fire retardant paint
18. nanocomposite high-temperature fire-resistant coating
19. intumescent fire retardant coating
20. residential steel structure fire
21. a fire-resistant coating and its preparation method
22. thin intumescent fire retardant coating steel
23. multipurpose fire retardant coatings
24. based on nano-technology surface treatment coating tunnel fire and its manufacturing process
25. Tunnel fire retardant coating and manufacturing process
26. thin intumescent fire retardant coating and the steel manufacturing process
27. retardant coating composition and its use
28. complex functional materials based on the expansion of technology fire-resistant coating for steel structure and preparation method < br> 29. sub-mounted tunnel fire environment-friendly paint
30. new composite fire retardant coating
31. powders based on alternative low-temperature sintering and composite fiber technology from the steel structure fire
32. Inorganic single-component coating and its preparation method fireproof
33. Tunnel fire retardant coating and the manufacturing and construction technology
34. polymer modified cement-based paint thick coated steel structure fire
35. a transparent aromatic fire retardant paint
36. a kind of expandable graphite fire retardant coating and its preparation method of nano and application
37. a single system composite tunnel fire retardant paint
38. a new environmentally friendly fire protection intumescent finishes Paint
39. a thin smoke intumescent fire retardant coating and the steel structure preparation
40. based on polymer / clay intercalation modification modifier tunnel fire-resistant coating and its preparation method
41 . intumescent coating for the polymer binder
42. is the growth of trees and water-based fire retardant coating and the preparation method
43. steel structure fire special varnish coating and manufacturing method
44. environmentally friendly water thin intumescent fire retardant coating and the steel structure preparation
45. a kind of expandable graphite - thin layer powder coating tunnel fire
46. multifunctional fire retardant coating
47. solventless epoxy intumescent fire retardant coating and its preparation method
48. Tunnel fire retardant coating and its preparation method
49. a rail passenger car within the water of inorganic non-intumescent fire retardant coating Jiqizhifa
50. an anti- hydrocarbon thin intumescent fire retardant coating and the steel structure preparation
51. a thin low smoke halogen-free fire retardant coating of organic and inorganic compound and its preparation method
52. for the intumescent fire retardant coating on-site testing furnace and the detection method
53. Tunnel fire retardant coating
54. A room temperature curing transparent epoxy intumescent fire retardant coatings and preparation methods
55. intumescent fire retardant coating
56. for thin steel structure of the fire retardant coating and its preparation method
57. waterborne thin steel structure fire-resistant coating and its preparation method
58. intumescent fire retardant coating thermo-mechanical dilatometer
59.
housing insulation coating 60. thin silicon composite insulation coating
61. a hard wall insulation coating and its production process
62. a waterproof thermal insulation coating
63. green compound wall insulation coating and the production process
64. compound silicate insulation coating and its production methods
65. high-temperature fire insulation coating
66. new insulation coating and the production process
67. hydrophobic compound silicate insulation coatings and manufacturing methods
68. hydrophobic composite powder insulation coating and the production, use
69. a type of insulation coating applied and its production process
70. a composite insulation coating production methods
71. a new type of fire insulation and water repellent coating
72. xonotlite insulation coating
73. composite thermal insulation coatings and their production process
74. by water complex silicon salt insulation coating production process
75. composite porous network of carbon Results insulation coating
76. elastic silicate insulation and water repellent coatings manufacturing methods
77. Rare Earth Composite insulation coating and the production process
78. overall hydrophobic thermal insulation coating
79. New thermal insulation coatings and their production methods
80. Sugan (RE) composite waterproof insulation coating
81. light wall insulation Paint
82. nontoxic compound insulation coating
83. Non-asbestos insulation composite powder coatings and production methods
84. metallic insulation coating
85. non-asbestos mineral wall insulation coating
86 . hollow silicon diatomite composite building insulation coatings
87. composite energy-saving insulation coating
88. waterborne anti-corrosion insulation coating and its preparation method
89. one kind of thermal insulation coating manufacturing process off
90. waterborne architectural coatings and roll insulation Preparation Technology Forum
91. one kind of insulation waterproof coating layer coating
92. bicomponent particles of cement polystyrene foam insulation coating
93. two-component polystyrene foam particles of gypsum-based insulation coating
94. A thermal insulation coating modified bitumen manufacturing methods
95. A method of making polyurethane insulation coating
96. a nano-ceramic high temperature insulation coatings and their preparation methods and application
97. condensate-type housing insulation coating
98. high temperature thermal insulation coating and its preparation method
99. attapulgite insulation coating additives
100 . waterborne anti-corrosion coating thermal insulation composite
101. high temperature furnace insulation paint sprayer
102. metallic thermal coating surface
103. metallic iron with the insulation coating
104. Si-Mg aluminum composite insulation coating
105. Light asbestos heat insulation coating
106. use of microencapsulated phase change materials and method of insulation coating
107. environmentally friendly non-asbestos silicate composite insulation coating
108. ceramic insulation coating
109. nm insulation coating and its production methods
110. hot melt method of manufacturing fire-resistant insulation coating and the use of methods
111. a composite insulation materials production methods
112. inorganic composite insulation material and its production process
113. inorganic composite insulation materials and production methods
114. a wall of composite insulation materials, production methods and construction methods
115. hydrogel composite insulation material
116. electrolytic cell components for fire resistant paint
117. tundish refractory magnesia chrome coating
118. a high temperature resistant coating
119. a high-temperature refractory composite insulation coating production methods
120. used to prepare the model for fire resistant paint coating
121. cast iron thermal analysis of salicylic acid resistant coating on the sample cup and spraying
122. intumescent fire-resistant coatings and its coating of steel and foam-type fire-resistant coating layer forming method
123. a versatile interior wall paint and its production methods
124. one kind of thermal insulation coatings manufacturing methods
125. Sea fire thermal insulation coatings and silicon production methods
126. A powder thermal insulation coating and its preparation method
127. fire and powder coating production process
128. for ultra-thin powder coating of steel structure fire and its preparation method
129. on fire flammable materials, fire-retardant compound and its preparation with
130. one kind of steel structure fire method
131. fireproof waterproof canvas coating Its preparation process
132. water proof, strong adhesion of new paint
133. Fanghuo Qi
134. intumescent modified vinyl chloride Fanghuo Qi
135. transparent expansion Fanghuo Qi
136. to avoid rust corrosion Fanghuo Qi
137. environmentally friendly composite Fanghuo Qi
138. a waterproof coating impermeable leakproof
139. waterproof impermeable leakproof coating
140. multifunctional fire Flash decorative coating
141. a fire retardant and fire retardant building materials manufacturing methods
142. fire retardant and its production methods and uses
143. fire retardant
144. full-featured architectural coatings
145. waterproof fire building materials
146. radiation curable halogen-free flame retardant containing nitrogen phosphide and its preparation method
147. Coating composition
148 fire . safe fire insulation floating bead composite refractory
149. intumescent fire retardant steel decorative coatings
information contained in this set of patents all of the above items. more information, visit Kyushu rich network: www.9zzf.cn query!
Sunday, February 20, 2011
How to landscape photography
Simple form of landscape photography and strive to convey a simple mood. Words were easy, actually doing it is very difficult. We are facing a varied and colorful, ever-changing natural scenery, in the complex disorder, should be sought to discover the laws of the United States, shown by means of photography.
simple form of artistic creation is the most common, but also the most difficult means of expression. a high degree of enrichment and refinement of its outstanding characteristics.
have composition of simple awareness, in the face of worlds, keep what, minus what, how to choose, which is indeed a very big problem, you can clearly tell you that this is also the subject of a no answer. As each photographer understanding of the different nature of the knowledge, the natural choice for the landscape also has its own criteria. However, the camera lens is limited in scope included, will be unlimited natural world into a local frame in the viewfinder is actually on highly concentrated nature.
enrichment and refinement Although there is no uniform standard, but there are rules to follow, for example: the same color of the landscape should be retained, in the same direction need to use multiple lines, as one of the main screen, need to be sure to leave enough space, etc., these are simple to help us make the picture of the way.
landscape photography of the picture is balanced
image of stability and equilibrium of all arts are not neglected. stability refers to the screen dumping in the scene is not skewed sense of balance is so that the screen did not seem right and left side of the light side of the heavy feeling.
balance of landscape photography scene in the picture is not symmetric, or that scene in the picture, the average distribution . This balance is the balance of visual weight, is the change in the balance. If we see a landscape picture has no sense of balance, that scene must be arranged properly, or improperly configured the proportion of light and dark tones, or the use of color configuration unreasonable. produce these phenomena because the law did not grasp the balance. visual balance on the premise that the balance of visual weight, while the balance of visual weight of the law is: a big weight than the smaller, far more than recent weight, dark weight than the bright, dynamic than the static weight, clear weight than the vague, thick heavy than light. In short, the balance is not a scene in the picture, the average order, not the repetition of such.
scene in the picture can be more than one side, while small, can also side of the large, while small, but the visual weight should be roughly equal. Note that equilibrium is not absolute balance, a trace is not bad, that would lead to a well-mediocre, dull. is not balanced among a balanced, instability into a stable, they are to meet the requirements of landscape photography composition.
landscape photography scene is between the echo echo
both near and far between or around the scene, there must be response, association.
in the beautiful photography, landscape and scenery can not be connected between, but not without contact with each other, this invisible link is echoing.
echoes can be static, it can be dynamic. in the foreground and background of the flowers is an echo between the mountains, the birds of the air and on the ground between trees also constitute echoed.
contact and echo is the goal, is to make a complete picture of the scene's sense of unity. This echoes the relationship to accompany the body can be between the subject and echo, it can be subject and subject, to accompany the body between the body and accompany echo. No matter what kind of relationship echoes, must exist between them a link. in the composition in landscape photography , master and handle the scene echoes the relationship between, on the composition of the stability and integrity is essential.
lines using the line nature of our visual experience and thinking activities, the position occupied by such important that it is difficult to accept the fact that the lines in nature is non-existent. come to this conclusion is not surprising, because in real life and the natural environment, the people of horizontal, vertical, diagonal lines, curves, objects turn a blind eye, and objects of these shapes have the edge there are limits to the edge of the limits of abstraction, it will have a variety of lines. For example: the horizon is the horizontal straight lines, arranged in the forests vertical straight lines, curves of the winding river is the visualization of the lines of Article hh composition useful in photography, which not only beautify the picture, but also as the framework for the composition to become the visual center of the screen. Forms million without the lines will give the symbolic associations. long-term accumulated experience tells us that certain cadres and some things or phenomena are often linked, and these characteristics of the object itself and the shape of some lines linked to the formation of a traditional concept, that is the position and orientation of lines as a symbol, it can make people have a certain association.
vertical lines represent the life, dignity, eternal, and the ability to resist change.
horizontal lines tend to be that quiet, stable and smooth.
diagonal line means that movement, dangerous, crash, can not control emotions.
lines, circles and curves like a symbol of the sea smooth and movement, suggesting perfect, elegant and harmonious.
combination of vertical and horizontal lines that link, unity, integrity.
focus on formal beauty of landscape photography, so particular about the design and use of the line. the photographer must not only consider the line the psychological impact to the audience the feeling is more important is to learn to find and extract. some of the photographic composition help lines are often embedded in the confused scene, the photographer only through the meticulous and keen observation, can be found and refined .
landscape photography
face the music of the rhythm of the landscape of all things, our brains are constantly wondering how to sort out from the chaotic harmony among the factors. This is seeks the order from disorder, is organized so-called order. natural features themselves do not provide proper harmony of materials, can not establish an effective contrast, so the photographer must be good at observation, in chaos to find some common features of the graphics, and in an appropriate manner organized, they may be in size, shape, orientation, color or texture have similarities. All in all, a sense of harmony through the formation of the similarities. like the beat of music listeners as predicted, the audience enjoy the photographs in the image of a group of similar a common perception in the identification and prediction of its reproduction. after reasonable arrangements, rhythmic movement to guide the audience's attention move along the screen to meet their visual experience, grab their attention. As a photographer, We are inevitably affected by the impact with the rhythm of natural forces. alternating day and night, seasonal cycles, sea shore, heart beat, they have their own rhythm, but let us also went to a very coordinated. the rhythmic pattern with some ups and downs , it becomes excited emotion, the ideal means to express their feelings. It has real feelings in addition to their role, expressing the feeling of art is the most influential factor. rhythms to inspire and enrich people's imagination. than Other principles of composition, rhythm and caused more visual pleasure. it has great vitality, the most insipid documentary subject matter, as long as the discovery and reproduction of a certain rhythm, photos will be able to give a deep impression.
scenery photography sparse and dense Chinese painting, there are To have a choice of scenery, the simple to the homes of the fan's to be taken from, so that the screen had a secret there is sparse. Jane Do Jane and no King, but the unnecessary, redundant features removed; fan also not all-inclusive, no primary and secondary, no regular access to all, but a level, there change to the landscape being arranged on the screen, so complicated but not chaotic. the use of simple and complex are complementary, neglected which party not so good. a combination of both, interdependence, only charm.
the fun center
landscape photography picture if there is no obvious overwhelming center of interest, the audience will be puzzled look, they subconsciously Q: Do you want me to see what? nothing to see here? Therefore, we must let the audience understand the photos as soon as possible, and immediately see the emphasis lies. fun center is the main screen. subject need not be a person, a place or thing, it can be a shape, a line, the local texture of an object, or are linked with a number of features. Many beginners in the shooting landscapes, no efforts taken to determine the center of interest, but free pictures, made many significant features are ignored, as well as the lack of inherent interest to shoot the picture, it is difficult to form dominant position, in addition, there is no eye-catching shapes and lines to make up for this defect. As a result, the audience in addition to a look of In addition, nothing in the photo can not find something memorable look. As the main center of interest, and the frosted glass in the viewfinder, focusing screen to be clear. When we find a film theme, with the attendant feelings of a very exciting time We tend to focus on the features, and ignore those distractions, and these factors lead to a breach of the main appeal. eliminate the interference from the many, the most commonly used is to avoid is to learn Select the center of interest is very important. to develop a habit: take thinking, trying to establish a body to take, and around the main creative works for you. Just as the first language of thought again, as the center of interest must be determined before taking photographs down. the lack of ideological language is empty, the lack of interest center of the photo can only be a meaningless pile of random scenery. selected as the main center of interest since the method used to strengthen it so that it really holds the dominant position? mm can turn to the layout of the three factors, size and contrast. These three factors play a role in the occasional individual, but often play together.
the role of the shadow of light that is shadow
. The biggest shadow is the night, this half of the region when the other half of the shelter. to photography, we are dealing with a partial shadow, as a cloud blocking a large land and pasture. the shadow of no small role, it can block out some things and highlighted the performance of some other things. light shines on the scene, the scene brightness to increase. to make the scene as the visual center of the screen, there are many ways to solve, one of which is to make a bright object in the visual center of a darker background. To make a more prominent color of a single landscape, you should use dark shadow as a foil. there will be a shadow contrast, the use of light than the contrast between the basic essentials for shooting scenery. shadow on the screen in different positions, the role played by Different. Shadows on the screen or occupy most of the upper half, from the prominent role of the subject, due to a large area in the shadow of the background, so that the object illuminated in a more prominent; shadow on the screen by the light part of the scenery in between uniform appearance, played to increase the screen level, the role of a rich visual language, the shadow of the lower half of the screen if there is the composition of the stabilizing effect on the screen.
simple form of artistic creation is the most common, but also the most difficult means of expression. a high degree of enrichment and refinement of its outstanding characteristics.
have composition of simple awareness, in the face of worlds, keep what, minus what, how to choose, which is indeed a very big problem, you can clearly tell you that this is also the subject of a no answer. As each photographer understanding of the different nature of the knowledge, the natural choice for the landscape also has its own criteria. However, the camera lens is limited in scope included, will be unlimited natural world into a local frame in the viewfinder is actually on highly concentrated nature.
enrichment and refinement Although there is no uniform standard, but there are rules to follow, for example: the same color of the landscape should be retained, in the same direction need to use multiple lines, as one of the main screen, need to be sure to leave enough space, etc., these are simple to help us make the picture of the way.
landscape photography of the picture is balanced
image of stability and equilibrium of all arts are not neglected. stability refers to the screen dumping in the scene is not skewed sense of balance is so that the screen did not seem right and left side of the light side of the heavy feeling.
balance of landscape photography scene in the picture is not symmetric, or that scene in the picture, the average distribution . This balance is the balance of visual weight, is the change in the balance. If we see a landscape picture has no sense of balance, that scene must be arranged properly, or improperly configured the proportion of light and dark tones, or the use of color configuration unreasonable. produce these phenomena because the law did not grasp the balance. visual balance on the premise that the balance of visual weight, while the balance of visual weight of the law is: a big weight than the smaller, far more than recent weight, dark weight than the bright, dynamic than the static weight, clear weight than the vague, thick heavy than light. In short, the balance is not a scene in the picture, the average order, not the repetition of such.
scene in the picture can be more than one side, while small, can also side of the large, while small, but the visual weight should be roughly equal. Note that equilibrium is not absolute balance, a trace is not bad, that would lead to a well-mediocre, dull. is not balanced among a balanced, instability into a stable, they are to meet the requirements of landscape photography composition.
landscape photography scene is between the echo echo
both near and far between or around the scene, there must be response, association.
in the beautiful photography, landscape and scenery can not be connected between, but not without contact with each other, this invisible link is echoing.
echoes can be static, it can be dynamic. in the foreground and background of the flowers is an echo between the mountains, the birds of the air and on the ground between trees also constitute echoed.
contact and echo is the goal, is to make a complete picture of the scene's sense of unity. This echoes the relationship to accompany the body can be between the subject and echo, it can be subject and subject, to accompany the body between the body and accompany echo. No matter what kind of relationship echoes, must exist between them a link. in the composition in landscape photography , master and handle the scene echoes the relationship between, on the composition of the stability and integrity is essential.
lines using the line nature of our visual experience and thinking activities, the position occupied by such important that it is difficult to accept the fact that the lines in nature is non-existent. come to this conclusion is not surprising, because in real life and the natural environment, the people of horizontal, vertical, diagonal lines, curves, objects turn a blind eye, and objects of these shapes have the edge there are limits to the edge of the limits of abstraction, it will have a variety of lines. For example: the horizon is the horizontal straight lines, arranged in the forests vertical straight lines, curves of the winding river is the visualization of the lines of Article hh composition useful in photography, which not only beautify the picture, but also as the framework for the composition to become the visual center of the screen. Forms million without the lines will give the symbolic associations. long-term accumulated experience tells us that certain cadres and some things or phenomena are often linked, and these characteristics of the object itself and the shape of some lines linked to the formation of a traditional concept, that is the position and orientation of lines as a symbol, it can make people have a certain association.
vertical lines represent the life, dignity, eternal, and the ability to resist change.
horizontal lines tend to be that quiet, stable and smooth.
diagonal line means that movement, dangerous, crash, can not control emotions.
lines, circles and curves like a symbol of the sea smooth and movement, suggesting perfect, elegant and harmonious.
combination of vertical and horizontal lines that link, unity, integrity.
focus on formal beauty of landscape photography, so particular about the design and use of the line. the photographer must not only consider the line the psychological impact to the audience the feeling is more important is to learn to find and extract. some of the photographic composition help lines are often embedded in the confused scene, the photographer only through the meticulous and keen observation, can be found and refined .
landscape photography
face the music of the rhythm of the landscape of all things, our brains are constantly wondering how to sort out from the chaotic harmony among the factors. This is seeks the order from disorder, is organized so-called order. natural features themselves do not provide proper harmony of materials, can not establish an effective contrast, so the photographer must be good at observation, in chaos to find some common features of the graphics, and in an appropriate manner organized, they may be in size, shape, orientation, color or texture have similarities. All in all, a sense of harmony through the formation of the similarities. like the beat of music listeners as predicted, the audience enjoy the photographs in the image of a group of similar a common perception in the identification and prediction of its reproduction. after reasonable arrangements, rhythmic movement to guide the audience's attention move along the screen to meet their visual experience, grab their attention. As a photographer, We are inevitably affected by the impact with the rhythm of natural forces. alternating day and night, seasonal cycles, sea shore, heart beat, they have their own rhythm, but let us also went to a very coordinated. the rhythmic pattern with some ups and downs , it becomes excited emotion, the ideal means to express their feelings. It has real feelings in addition to their role, expressing the feeling of art is the most influential factor. rhythms to inspire and enrich people's imagination. than Other principles of composition, rhythm and caused more visual pleasure. it has great vitality, the most insipid documentary subject matter, as long as the discovery and reproduction of a certain rhythm, photos will be able to give a deep impression.
scenery photography sparse and dense Chinese painting, there are To have a choice of scenery, the simple to the homes of the fan's to be taken from, so that the screen had a secret there is sparse. Jane Do Jane and no King, but the unnecessary, redundant features removed; fan also not all-inclusive, no primary and secondary, no regular access to all, but a level, there change to the landscape being arranged on the screen, so complicated but not chaotic. the use of simple and complex are complementary, neglected which party not so good. a combination of both, interdependence, only charm.
the fun center
landscape photography picture if there is no obvious overwhelming center of interest, the audience will be puzzled look, they subconsciously Q: Do you want me to see what? nothing to see here? Therefore, we must let the audience understand the photos as soon as possible, and immediately see the emphasis lies. fun center is the main screen. subject need not be a person, a place or thing, it can be a shape, a line, the local texture of an object, or are linked with a number of features. Many beginners in the shooting landscapes, no efforts taken to determine the center of interest, but free pictures, made many significant features are ignored, as well as the lack of inherent interest to shoot the picture, it is difficult to form dominant position, in addition, there is no eye-catching shapes and lines to make up for this defect. As a result, the audience in addition to a look of In addition, nothing in the photo can not find something memorable look. As the main center of interest, and the frosted glass in the viewfinder, focusing screen to be clear. When we find a film theme, with the attendant feelings of a very exciting time We tend to focus on the features, and ignore those distractions, and these factors lead to a breach of the main appeal. eliminate the interference from the many, the most commonly used is to avoid is to learn Select the center of interest is very important. to develop a habit: take thinking, trying to establish a body to take, and around the main creative works for you. Just as the first language of thought again, as the center of interest must be determined before taking photographs down. the lack of ideological language is empty, the lack of interest center of the photo can only be a meaningless pile of random scenery. selected as the main center of interest since the method used to strengthen it so that it really holds the dominant position? mm can turn to the layout of the three factors, size and contrast. These three factors play a role in the occasional individual, but often play together.
the role of the shadow of light that is shadow
. The biggest shadow is the night, this half of the region when the other half of the shelter. to photography, we are dealing with a partial shadow, as a cloud blocking a large land and pasture. the shadow of no small role, it can block out some things and highlighted the performance of some other things. light shines on the scene, the scene brightness to increase. to make the scene as the visual center of the screen, there are many ways to solve, one of which is to make a bright object in the visual center of a darker background. To make a more prominent color of a single landscape, you should use dark shadow as a foil. there will be a shadow contrast, the use of light than the contrast between the basic essentials for shooting scenery. shadow on the screen in different positions, the role played by Different. Shadows on the screen or occupy most of the upper half, from the prominent role of the subject, due to a large area in the shadow of the background, so that the object illuminated in a more prominent; shadow on the screen by the light part of the scenery in between uniform appearance, played to increase the screen level, the role of a rich visual language, the shadow of the lower half of the screen if there is the composition of the stabilizing effect on the screen.
Thursday, February 17, 2011
Expose the truth about the exposure memory footprint anti-virus software
Rising Antivirus software footprint is very subtle (most of the software has hidden), anti-virus software itself, if only from the memory process to determine that it is a very good footprint anti-virus software, 4 memory for a process somehow does not exceed 25MB. but how about the actual situation?
recently, was a genuine Rising Antivirus 2006, but did not install it to the system of ideas, has always been that Rising Antivirus too much memory resources , cause the computer to run smoothly decreased. especially for the 2000 system only 128MB RAM, 256MB of memory xp system, affecting more obvious, a little bit smooth feel of the original system, installed Rising antivirus software, they'll become less fluent.
Here, I use their office computers on a simple Rising Antivirus 2006 resource utilization testing:
Host:
Dell GX620 workstations
Operating System:
Windows XP SP2 < br> test software 1:
Rising Antivirus 2006
test software 2:
Kaspersky Internet Suite
for platform:
Windows 98/Me/2000/XP
Download:
Click here to download
experiment
First of all, to the newly installed system to re-ghost state, restart the computer and vacant for 5 minutes, open the Task Manager can see the memory footprint in the 137MB or so, such as Figure 1. because it is a simple test, I ignored its memory footprint is the physical memory or virtual memory, only a rough estimate for the case of the memory footprint.
Figure 1, anti-virus software is not installed on system resources occupancy
Rising Antivirus 2006 and then install and upgrade to the latest virus database. and then empty the computer for 30 minutes, using Explorer to view the resource occupancy.
Figure 2 Installing and Upgrading Rising Antivirus 2006
Figure 3, after installing Rising Antivirus Software resource occupancy
can see that after installing Rising Antivirus Software, memory usage has been increased to 204MB or so, it can be initially estimated by the installation of Rising Antivirus software is probably the increase in memory footprint in the 65-70MB or so. But from Figure 3 Rising Antivirus 2006, you can see the 4 process (shown in several processes that begin with R) does not exceed the total memory usage 15MB, the process of memory resources and run anti-virus software, a far cry from the resources themselves, so the anti-virus software resources and can not just take a simple anti-virus software itself from running processes to determine, this is a lot of people can easily mistake the old bird.
if the memory is relatively large, the number of common functional modules into memory, That monitoring has increased the speed of scanning. Rising whether the built-in recognition, based on memory size to select the memory footprint, and this being unknown. test my computer just a simple comparison, not a great reference significance of Rising Antivirus 2006, if you take resources interested in, you can test your computer.
after installing some software, re-installed Kaspersky, reboot and then left vacant for 20 minutes.
Figure 4, after installing Kaspersky
resources can be seen after installing Kaspersky, up to 170MB memory footprint is about the process from Kaspersky (two avp.exe), the process takes about the 11MB .
compared with Rising Antivirus 2006, Kaspersky memory footprint advantages. As for the slow scan Kabbah, I talked about some humble opinion:
today upgraded the Kaspersky Internet Suite 6.0 virus library, and a comprehensive computer virus. killing the findings, there are several places worthy of deep concern.
like many people have reported that Kabbah's scanning speed is very slow indeed, even to open a safe environment and iChecker technology , it would not have any increase (3-5 times the official said to have improved). but we may not have noticed, Kabbah and other anti-virus scanning software any different. Kabbah on the exe (not the exe file is exe integrated installation package), msi installer, rar archive, ISO image file, so unpack all the files and then a scan, for some packers document solution also shells (UPX Solutions shell) scan. But many other anti-virus software, an integrated package for the exe, ISO and other documents, just a simple scan, check when there is no virus, but the result does not mean that no virus-extracting installer, (especially for the ISO image file).
so Although Kaspersky scan more slowly, ��but if you check your computer thoroughly for viruses, such rigorous scanning Kabbah is necessary!!!��
Figure: Smart Chan Bridge Five pen (exe extract package)
do not know if you are aware, smart Chen bridge Wubi installation, when almost completed when the progress bar will pause for a longer time. I had a lot of computer installations in is the same.
all of my input in pconline download, and other exe files are not infected with the virus, so smart Wubi Chen bridge should not be above the two Trojan infection after I download. To verify, I Prior to re-post in the hair in the pconline Download pen What is the nature of Trojans, I did not carefully fine.
to be said for the last virus, that file windows xp sp2 patch set up Compact. The files I downloaded with eMule, it is published in the www.verycd.com above.
hupigon the virus is a variant of dove gray, very good at hiding, the process which is invisible, very sinister and ruthless.
several other ISO software tool palette, and what sort of teaching tool palette , after Kabbah After unpacking find one by one and found a lot of virus hidden in them.
now want to come, many people do not own computers in order to prevent poisoning, when the Internet was very careful, people can copy over the files After careful killing. but I do not know some with a .
so here to remind you what others make patch set, the operating system disk or something, or less as a wonderful, non-use if it is not, was extremely wary. such as system patches, or in the best large-scale website, (and ensure that they are provided by the government), operating system, is highly recommended not to use the modified version, will try to use the original ISO, not for the sake of momentary convenience, and let the Trojans into your computer you have kept in the dark . (I found that many people like to use a modified version of the operating system, such as tomato garden xp, Yu Wei-line, leaves the mountains, etc.) and, of course, a version if you have enough trust or use it, after all These are well-known version, and believe that the person making the IT people are also moral.)
���� One more thing to add is, do not think you download a iso back no later then scan Kabbah drug is safe. Kabbah scan will have no toxic, does not mean not toxic. This can not blame Kabbah, a virus before a certain reputation, anti-virus software can be said that it did not know, this is the lag of antivirus software !
like, for example, a Trojan is installed specifically to do within the company's computer, not pop out. that the earth does not have any anti-virus software can be a killing, which I think a little common sense point of virus know!!! ����
to talk about the final opinion, why anti-virus software, software to run the process resource consumption and resource consumption caused by quite different. This should be related to the svchost process.
following online collection relevant information: and can not achieve any services that it can only provide the conditions for other services is started here, and it does not give users their own to provide any services. That is how to achieve these services do?
the original services of these systems dynamic link library (dll) are implemented, they point to the executable svchost, svchost call the appropriate service by the dynamic link library to start the service. svchost and how do you know that a system which serve the dynamic link library call? This through the system service parameters set in the registry to achieve. Here's to rpcss (remote procedure call) services, for example, to explain.
recently, was a genuine Rising Antivirus 2006, but did not install it to the system of ideas, has always been that Rising Antivirus too much memory resources , cause the computer to run smoothly decreased. especially for the 2000 system only 128MB RAM, 256MB of memory xp system, affecting more obvious, a little bit smooth feel of the original system, installed Rising antivirus software, they'll become less fluent.
Here, I use their office computers on a simple Rising Antivirus 2006 resource utilization testing:
Host:
Dell GX620 workstations
Operating System:
Windows XP SP2 < br> test software 1:
Rising Antivirus 2006
test software 2:
Kaspersky Internet Suite
for platform:
Windows 98/Me/2000/XP
Download:
Click here to download
experiment
First of all, to the newly installed system to re-ghost state, restart the computer and vacant for 5 minutes, open the Task Manager can see the memory footprint in the 137MB or so, such as Figure 1. because it is a simple test, I ignored its memory footprint is the physical memory or virtual memory, only a rough estimate for the case of the memory footprint.
Figure 1, anti-virus software is not installed on system resources occupancy
Rising Antivirus 2006 and then install and upgrade to the latest virus database. and then empty the computer for 30 minutes, using Explorer to view the resource occupancy.
Figure 2 Installing and Upgrading Rising Antivirus 2006
Figure 3, after installing Rising Antivirus Software resource occupancy
can see that after installing Rising Antivirus Software, memory usage has been increased to 204MB or so, it can be initially estimated by the installation of Rising Antivirus software is probably the increase in memory footprint in the 65-70MB or so. But from Figure 3 Rising Antivirus 2006, you can see the 4 process (shown in several processes that begin with R) does not exceed the total memory usage 15MB, the process of memory resources and run anti-virus software, a far cry from the resources themselves, so the anti-virus software resources and can not just take a simple anti-virus software itself from running processes to determine, this is a lot of people can easily mistake the old bird.
if the memory is relatively large, the number of common functional modules into memory, That monitoring has increased the speed of scanning. Rising whether the built-in recognition, based on memory size to select the memory footprint, and this being unknown. test my computer just a simple comparison, not a great reference significance of Rising Antivirus 2006, if you take resources interested in, you can test your computer.
after installing some software, re-installed Kaspersky, reboot and then left vacant for 20 minutes.
Figure 4, after installing Kaspersky
resources can be seen after installing Kaspersky, up to 170MB memory footprint is about the process from Kaspersky (two avp.exe), the process takes about the 11MB .
compared with Rising Antivirus 2006, Kaspersky memory footprint advantages. As for the slow scan Kabbah, I talked about some humble opinion:
today upgraded the Kaspersky Internet Suite 6.0 virus library, and a comprehensive computer virus. killing the findings, there are several places worthy of deep concern.
like many people have reported that Kabbah's scanning speed is very slow indeed, even to open a safe environment and iChecker technology , it would not have any increase (3-5 times the official said to have improved). but we may not have noticed, Kabbah and other anti-virus scanning software any different. Kabbah on the exe (not the exe file is exe integrated installation package), msi installer, rar archive, ISO image file, so unpack all the files and then a scan, for some packers document solution also shells (UPX Solutions shell) scan. But many other anti-virus software, an integrated package for the exe, ISO and other documents, just a simple scan, check when there is no virus, but the result does not mean that no virus-extracting installer, (especially for the ISO image file).
so Although Kaspersky scan more slowly, ��but if you check your computer thoroughly for viruses, such rigorous scanning Kabbah is necessary!!!��
Figure: Smart Chan Bridge Five pen (exe extract package)
do not know if you are aware, smart Chen bridge Wubi installation, when almost completed when the progress bar will pause for a longer time. I had a lot of computer installations in is the same.
all of my input in pconline download, and other exe files are not infected with the virus, so smart Wubi Chen bridge should not be above the two Trojan infection after I download. To verify, I Prior to re-post in the hair in the pconline Download pen What is the nature of Trojans, I did not carefully fine.
to be said for the last virus, that file windows xp sp2 patch set up Compact. The files I downloaded with eMule, it is published in the www.verycd.com above.
hupigon the virus is a variant of dove gray, very good at hiding, the process which is invisible, very sinister and ruthless.
several other ISO software tool palette, and what sort of teaching tool palette , after Kabbah After unpacking find one by one and found a lot of virus hidden in them.
now want to come, many people do not own computers in order to prevent poisoning, when the Internet was very careful, people can copy over the files After careful killing. but I do not know some with a .
so here to remind you what others make patch set, the operating system disk or something, or less as a wonderful, non-use if it is not, was extremely wary. such as system patches, or in the best large-scale website, (and ensure that they are provided by the government), operating system, is highly recommended not to use the modified version, will try to use the original ISO, not for the sake of momentary convenience, and let the Trojans into your computer you have kept in the dark . (I found that many people like to use a modified version of the operating system, such as tomato garden xp, Yu Wei-line, leaves the mountains, etc.) and, of course, a version if you have enough trust or use it, after all These are well-known version, and believe that the person making the IT people are also moral.)
���� One more thing to add is, do not think you download a iso back no later then scan Kabbah drug is safe. Kabbah scan will have no toxic, does not mean not toxic. This can not blame Kabbah, a virus before a certain reputation, anti-virus software can be said that it did not know, this is the lag of antivirus software !
like, for example, a Trojan is installed specifically to do within the company's computer, not pop out. that the earth does not have any anti-virus software can be a killing, which I think a little common sense point of virus know!!! ����
to talk about the final opinion, why anti-virus software, software to run the process resource consumption and resource consumption caused by quite different. This should be related to the svchost process.
following online collection relevant information: and can not achieve any services that it can only provide the conditions for other services is started here, and it does not give users their own to provide any services. That is how to achieve these services do?
the original services of these systems dynamic link library (dll) are implemented, they point to the executable svchost, svchost call the appropriate service by the dynamic link library to start the service. svchost and how do you know that a system which serve the dynamic link library call? This through the system service parameters set in the registry to achieve. Here's to rpcss (remote procedure call) services, for example, to explain.
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