First, how to make a vignetting effect?
How to create a vignetting effect?
Vignetting (Vignettss) effect is the gradient of an image with soft edges effect. Vignetting effects using Photoshop is very easy to make, the following describes how to use Photoshop5 .5 produce vignetting effect of the two images.
1. Ellipse vignetting effect
1) Open a picture using Photoshop5.5;
2) in the toolbar, select the ellipse lasso tool; < br> 3) with the elliptical lasso tool to select the desired image part;
4) the implementation of the Feather command under the Select menu, set the Feather value of 40 pixels;
5) the implementation of the Inverse command under the Select menu or press Ctrl + Shift + I key combination to reverse the selected area;
6) set the background color, such as white.
7) press the Del key to select the area with the background color, vignetting effect of the formation.
2. vignetting effect in any shape
1) Open an image;
2) press the q key to switch to Quick Mask mode;
3) Select the brush in the toolbox, and choose a size appropriate brush;
4) using the brush in the image painted;
5) press q to switch to standard mode, when the area was not painted a selected area;
6) Press Shift + Ctrl + I key combination to reverse the constituency;
7) the implementation of the Feather command under the Select menu, set the Feather value of 10 pixels;
8) set the background color;
9) press the Del key with the background color Fill selected area, vignetting effect of the formation.
Summary: vignetting effect is mainly used constituency Feather (Feather) characteristics of the formation. Feather greater the vignetting effect is more obvious. vignetting effect of arbitrary shape, the first by rapid irregular mask to create a constituency, and then invert the selection, emergence, fill, you can. the key is the selection of constituency (painted) and set the Feather value.
Note: In Quick Mask mode , the use of brushes, erasers, pencils, airbrush and other tools applied in the image, no matter what the current foreground color, apply the mask area regions in red (the color of quick mask can be set.) switch back to standard mode, has not been applied to the formation of regional constituencies.
Second, how to make hand in hand what is the word the word
? hand the word generally refers to the text interspersed with each other to form inter-related effects. it is a expression, commonly used in English and the art of digital effects design. hand words interspersed with each other, inter-related effects
how formed? Here's how to make use of Photoshop5.5 hand word.
1 .
10cmt6cm of a new RGB file size, and filled with a red background.
2.
Select the text tool in the toolbox, the new image, enter the number Select Faux
Italic items, set the font to YouYuan (Young Circle), the size of 200points, color is blue.
3.
input using the same methods were three as blue, green, yellow. Each figure represents a layer.
4.
adjust the position relationship between the various layers, so that the individual numbers adjacent to each other. and at the same level.
5.
select the Type Layer menu item, the Executive Render command, all the text layer into a regular layer.
6.
choose Layer Effects menu item, the Executive Belev and
Emboss command, respectively, where each layer to add the number of lead angle and the relief effect. Down in the Effects dialog box, select the item, other items can be the default setting.
7.
in the Layers panel, hold down the Ctrl key, click 2 stacked at the drag to subtract the constituency there.
9.
and then switch to a there is overlap in the bottom two, below the overlap should be eliminated at the constituency and then delete it. Finally, as shown above can be obtained by How to make the shadow of the shadow of the word
word is the simplest and one of the most common text effects. the shadow of three-dimensional character with a significant effect on many occasions, the design need to use it. There will introduce how to use Photoshop5.5 to create two types of shadow characters, one is the shadow of the word projection, the other is the shadow of the word perspective.
one. projector shadow word
1.
Create a new RGB file size 12cmt6cm the background is white.
2.
Texture Select Filter menu item, the Executive Texturize filters. In the Texturizer dialog box, set the Texture: Sandstone, Scaling: 100%, Reliefe: 8.
3. Select the text tool, type in the new image implementation of Gaussian filters. on the shadow layer, Gaussian Blur, set Radius to 5pixels.
6. point to open the > 7. Use the Move tool to move the shadow to the appropriate location, so the text layer and the top of the stagger a little distance.
8. will merge layers to complete the production of the word shadow projection.
II. Perspective Shadow word
1. then the above step 6, select the Edit menu item Transform, Distort command execution, the shadow layer of distortion.
2. Drag the deformation, respectively, two small boxes at the top of the box, the shadow layer to adjust to the appropriate location. and then press the Enter key to confirm the deformation.
3. merge layers to complete the production of perspective shadow.
Summary: shadow word mainly used in the production of the basic functions of the layers. replication first layer as a shadow layer, then the fuzzy layer, and finally adjust the position of the layer can be achieved between the production of the shadow of the word.
Fourth, how to create cutting edge effects
will be two images together in Photoshop together and make some simple processing, you can get all kinds of fancy paper cutting effect. The following are examples.
1. Open the two images, one for the landscape, and the other one for the sculpture map. As before the two the image shown below. We will landscape the br> 3. in sculpture the figure, magic wand click in the blank, and then press Ctrl + Shit + I key combination anti-choice, select the entire sculpture.
4. Press Ctrl + C key combination to copy the sculpture constituencies Switch to the landscape, according to the key combination Ctrl + V to copy the image to sculpture in the new layer and adjust its position.
5. Press Ctrl key to click the new layer, create a sculpture shaped constituency, and close new layer.
6. and then switch to the background layer, double-click the background layer to convert it to an ordinary level.
7. You should ensure that the constituency is also, according to Ctrl + Shift + I key combination anti-choice.
8. constituencies by Del key to delete the image, the deleted part will become transparent, this time cutting edge effects already achieved.
9. Press Ctrl + D key combination to cancel the selection, then delete the sculpture image where the layer.
Summary: paper-cut edge effects of the layers used in the production of the main features, and constituency characteristics. in which the selection is the key constituency, constituency selected cutting edge will have a direct effect of the decision is good or bad.
Fifth, how to make reflection in Photoshop image
production process, especially for image synthesis, sometimes need to make the image reflection. production of reflection is very simple to use Photoshop, the following examples.
1. open two puppies images, shown above in front of two images. We put the dog in the second picture to add to a picture, let them be with. Because it is in the water, so to consider when making a second one dog reflection in the water produced.
2. to switch to the second picture, the use of magnetic lasso tool to select the puppy, and then press Ctrl + C key combination, the selection of the images copied to the clipboard.
3 . Switch to the first image, press Ctrl + V key combination to select the second image to the new dog layer. the new layer dog2.
4. Select the menu item ; Edit / Transform / Numeric . dog2 using mobile tools to adjust the position, so stand side by side and the first puppy waters.
6. will dog2 layer to the Layers panel, drag the dog2 layer. will be copied from the layer named reflection.
7. confirm the current level for the reflection layer, select the menu item . using mobile tools mobile flip the reflection layer, an image of it in dog2 location.
9. Select Filter 2pixels.
10.
reflection effect has been produced at this time is completed, merge layers.
Summary: reflection of the layers used in the production of the main features. reflection is in fact a copy of the original image, but taking into account mapping relations between them, so it was vertical flip. In addition, the reflection is usually more general than the original image blurring, so use the blur filter to blur it.
six, how to make artistic picture frame Art photos
usually need a pretty frame to provide a contrast to be a coordinated and elegant beauty. There will introduce the method of making an art frame.
1. Open an artistic license, such as the above first images shown. Press Ctrl + A key combination, select the entire map; and then press Ctrl + C key combination, the selection of the images copied to the clipboard.
2. File menu's New command execution Open a New dialog box. as the last step of the copy command, so the New dialog box, the image width and height is automatically set to copy the image width and height. will increase the width and height of 10%, respectively, where the width and height, respectively, and increases to 310pixels 440pixels.
3. is set up click the Ok button, and then will create a new file. Press Ctrl + V key combination, the characters on the image to the clipboard to the new layer Layer
1.
4. Open the Channels panel, click the New button on the bottom panel to create a Alpha 1 channel. At this time Alpha
1 for the current channel, the image was dark.
5. use of rectangular marquee in the Alpha
1 channel to select a rectangular area. rectangular selection of images to be copied than to be smaller, and in the middle of the image.
6. Press the Alt + Delete key combination, fill the selection with white . and then press Ctrl + D key combination to deselect.
7. Select effect.
8. Open the Layers panel, click the Layer
1 layer. Executive Select menu, Load Selection command, load the Alpha 1 channel.
9. Press Ctrl + Shift + I key combination for anti-selection, set the background color to yellow, according to Ctrl + Delete key combination to use the yellow background color fill.
10. Press Ctrl + D key combination to cancel the selection, use the Crop tool to cut off the edge of a part, and finally get a more satisfactory art frame.
Summary: The Art of the wave edge of the frame is produced using the Ripple filter. You may need to be adjusted according to the actual value of the size of the Amount to be satisfied with the wave edge. In addition there is also used Alpha
channel function. Alpha channel selection with edit and save functions, it actually used a lot in the process of image making.
seven, how to make a frame word is the word
border often used in the production of posters of a rice paper works kinds of special effects text. It uses the border and text in color contrast, to highlight text of special text effects.
1. using the New command under the File menu, create a 12t6cm the RGB image file.
2. image using the text tool, type in the new . Press Ctrl key in the Layers panel, click the text layer, into the target box (about the text selected).
5. In the toolbox, double-click the linear gradient tool, pop it in the options panel Linear Gradient
Options, select the Gradient gradient method for the Spectrum.
6. Use the gradient tool drag it from left to right in the image, the text color.
7. using the menu command expand the object frame 6 pixels.
8. Use the menu command Gradient selected as Copper, from top to bottom and then use the Gradient tool and drag to the border color.
10. Press Ctrl + D key combination to deselect, and then merge the layers to complete the production of the word border.
Summary: the main frame is the use of the word menu, Select Modify command, the text object frame to expand and set boundaries, and then use the gradient tool and get coloring.
eight, how to make burning the word?
effect diagram:
operation:
1.
with the File menu New command, or use the shortcut key > 2. using the text tool, type in the image 4. Select the Rotate
Cavas Image menu item, the Executive 90CW command, the image 90 degrees clockwise.
5.
choose Stylize Filter menu item, the Executive Wind (wind) filter. Method column item selected Wind, Direction From the
right column item. and then press Ctrl + F key combination, again using the Wind filter just used to enhance the wind effect.
6. re-use Rotate
Canvas Image menu in the 90CCW command to rotate the image 90 degrees counterclockwise.
7.
choose Distort Filter menu item, the Executive Ripple wave filter to the flame to flutter.
8 . Select the Image Mode menu item, the Executive Indexed
Color command converts the image to Indexed Color mode.
9. again choose Image Mode menu item, the Executive Color
Table command, open the Color Table dialogue box, in the Table list, select Black Body color table.
10. again choose Image Mode menu item, the Executive RGB
Color command, the image is converted to RGB mode. to complete the production of combustion of the word.
nine, how to make transparent the word?
effect diagram:
operation:
1. open a background image, then use the Text tool to enter the
move to the background of the central text, then hold down the Ctrl key click Layer (layer) panel of the text layer, select the text.
3. Executive Select (select) menu Save
Seletion ( Save constituency) command to open a dialog box, directly enter, the selection is saved as a new channel. In the absence of a channel name, the new channel will automatically be named Alpha 1.
4. Repeat the last step will then save selection to another channel Apha
2.
5.
press Ctrl + D key combination to deselect the text layer and then removed.
6. Open Channels (channels) panel, activate the Alpha
2 channels. At this point the image in bold white, white part is stored in the Alpha 2 channel selection.
7.
Select Filter (filter) Menu Other (other), the implementation of Offset (Displacement) filter microscopy. are the horizontal and vertical offset is set to 3 and 4.
8.
panel on the selected channel RGB channel, restore color channel.
9. Executive Select (select) menu Load < br> Seletion (marquee) command, into the Alpha 1 channel. In Operation (operation) bar, select New (new constituency) above.
10. using the same method into the Alpha
2 channel, but The Operation (operation) is selected in column Subtract from Selection (Subtract from Selection). This has been printed in the Alpha
1 constituency will be reduced by Alpha 2 constituency.
11.
select image (image) menu Adjust (adjust), the implementation of Brightness / Contrast (Brightness / Contrast) command, the Brightness (brightness) set to 100. the steps used to make transparent the brightness of protruding part of the word.
12. If Step into the constituency again, 9,10 that, but the first load Alpha
2 channel (Opertion item is New), and then into the Alpha 1 channel (Operation item to Subtract from Selection).
13. < br> If step 11 once again executive Brightness / Contrast (Brightness / Contrast) command, the Brightness (brightness) is set to -100, the word used to make transparent shaded.
14.
press Ctrl + D combination key to cancel the selection, complete the production of transparent words.
ten, how to restore the default settings
Photoshop Photoshop has given us great freedom, we can set a variety of tools options panel, you can drag and drop any , separation, combination of various panels. In addition, we can also set the Photoshop environment. But more change, Photoshop will become chaotic. At this time, we tend to restore Photoshop's default settings, how to do it? just can not re-install Photoshop it!
1. Recovery Tool Options panel settings
we use various tools in the toolbox, often according to the actual tool options panel to set the parameters. when we need to restore the tool selection entry panel to set the default settings, click the upper right corner of the tool options panel, the black triangle button to open a panel menu. select or select chaos, to restore the position of the control panel. is simple: In the ; Reset
Palette Locations to Default Friends like to set up their own Photoshop environment. In some cases, we need to restore the default environment settings Photoshop.
Photoshop5.5 environmental parameter settings stored in a file. To restore the default Photoshop settings, you can simply delete the file. The next start, Photoshop will be the default parameter to set the system environment, back to when you first start after installation of the state. exit when Photoshop It will then create a new 5.5 Adobe Photoshop 5.5 Settings folder.
Photoshop5.0 environmental parameters, make the file
Wednesday, February 16, 2011
Tuesday, February 15, 2011
Shi Fei grams they love this country too, so had to leave
Lin Peirui interview
Southern Weekly full version of the full interview with Lin Peirui
Lin Peirui Profile:
Lin Peirui (Perry Link), American scholar, was born in 1944 in South Carolina, one thousand nine hundred seventy-six Doctor of Philosophy from Harvard University. Academic Versatile, the main research of modern Chinese literature, social history, popular culture, the early twentieth century Chinese popular fiction, and literature in China after Mao. fluent in Chinese, French, Japanese, served as University of California, Los Angeles, Professor of East Asian, East Asian Studies at Princeton University professor, is a professor of the University of California Riverside.
American Sinology through many difficult this was another fate of the Lin Peirui .
his Chinese teacher is the master of modern linguistics, Zhao's daughter, Harvard University Professor Zhao Rulan mm; and he himself completed the undergraduate and graduate studies at Harvard after he studied under the authority of the United States Fairbank Professor of Chinese Studies class, got a Harvard PhD in East Asian Studies, doctoral dissertation, Introduction of foreign students in the apprentice position, but also was the world can pronounce the first stage Jingqiang foreigners speaking Chinese comic dialogue.
Although it is difficult to find an American Standard Mandarin will be to such an extent, this back two first, this is still 65 years old man said modestly, to the word catch up with the genius of ordinary people. In an interview, Lin Peirui talking about, simply because the French second language elective, I felt too easy, would like to repair a little difficult language, so he chose the Chinese that the door to foreigners around the world are recognized as the most difficult language to learn
fact that interest in and family background related. Linpei Rui big in New York governor, his father served as the New York State University history professor, also a Chinese and a strong interest in Chinese culture Americans, and Lin himself has married two wives in China. He taught at Princeton University, when the office is set too quaint, or even a movie, br> 2010 �� 4 25, at Princeton University's beautiful campus, while he was attending the World Chinese Language Teaching in Princeton, participants will be gaps to be an exclusive interview with this reporter over the age of sixty is still hale and hearty, slang, take-it looks sort of a sly sort of smile. once said of his whom to settle down on China, said of his daydream about those whom the Chinese friends, and his look will reveal not in cover the concerns and sad.
scholar at Yale University, Su-Wei of Chinese view, he taught at the Yale students, the Beijing intellectual style of the , Lin Peirui also deeply involved in the situation in the history of Sino-US relations. In the 70's era of Sino-US ping-pong diplomacy, he served as the delegation's U.S. visit of Chinese ping-pong in Chinese translation; in the 80's honeymoon in Sino-US relations, he served as Director of the Office National Academy of Sciences in China. In 21 years ago, he Fang Lizhi and Li Shuxian to the U.S. embassy refuge.
decades since the 70 dynasties of Chinese society between the real observation and understanding of China and the Chinese from the heart of the sincere love of fate, makes him the same dimensional absolute sincerity of many of his Chinese friends at home and abroad, these precious friendship, as well as the rapid development of the online world, but also for his breakthrough last decade or geographic resulting from the diaphragm to provide a great convenience.
both in the beautiful town of Princeton or the University of California, Riverside campus, Lin Peirui have never stopped observing and China's continuing problems in China The sharp thinking. Su-Wei He then judge the relationship with China.
Lin Peirui Interview:
a, Han and Wang Shuo
Southern Weekly: You study the earliest of the early Republic of China Mandarin Duck and Butterfly fiction, these novels to the main scene in Shanghai. to the late 90s of last century, also in Shanghai, appeared to Wei Hui, rain, as the representatives of the so-called Inheritance and collusion?
Lin Peirui: First one difference is that the text than the Mandarin Duck and Butterfly Classical style to writing. Another basic Mandarin Duck and Butterfly are men, although they also have several women's magazines, but also in the care of male writers. Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School different is never any the same place. such as Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School often triangular love story structure, the two women supporting women and traditional women represent new, a man like the new women and representatives dealing with the West, adventure new culture, but in the end and representatives Oriental traditional women to get married. traditional women are more flat, boring and even children, but after all reliable, does not represent any risk or threat. in Wei Hui's novel is the same, but the main character into a woman, two men in a supporting role, Mark sexy sort of barbaric, on behalf of Western tastes; another that Chinese male, Wenzhou Zhou, and sexuality in general, representative of traditional Chinese man. from the 20th century, the age of 10 to 90 years in Shanghai, the change of course more, but still popular fiction like through the 80's a lot of play is very famous. how do you view his work and his influence in China?
Lin Peirui: I first get to know his work, people who know him after I was .1979 visiting scholar at the Sun Yat Sen University , he acted in campus open play Writers have proposed to the local leaves and sand to meet new, people say, of a contemporary writer. In addition to his plays, in recent years, he left the deepest impression is that in 2006 he wrote an article Wanzhou events in 2004, Sha asked, Q to the point, excellent.
Southern Weekly: Also in Shanghai, China's contemporary writers, the Han Internet users in China has a very large appeal, do not know if you noticed that after eighty young people?
Lin Peirui: Han I read his blog, it is like he is a talent, language is not gorgeous, but a strong sense of logic and sense of humor, but also point to the sensitive stuff, do not touch, but played very edge ball standards, allowing many people vent. I remember him in ; many views do not need to speak out thoroughly, my role is to give them the opportunity to vent There are also some different views, such as in accordance with the , that is: Let us have fun, we do not challenge your right to administer the country. Han to sharp criticism of the government and institutions, but at the fact he is just a dissatisfaction with the energy of young people into consumerism, voluntary participants in the program. ; how you look at the peer's view?
Linpei Rui: I do not agree. Han with the Communist Party an Three users events), click-through rate was so high, even with the incredible will welcome him officially a Time Magazine Many such means the possibility of emotional drive fermentation contemporary Chinese society, it is possible to play a leading role in some degree of public?
Lin Peirui: parties may not like him, but so many people followed him, more difficult. I think Han and past the famous public intellectuals who at this point is not the same, the previous well-known that gas although the public are great, but only intellectuals. Unlike Han, fans across the different sectors of society. suppress the words of Han will provoke more civil response, I think the Government can not but consider this, so many people envy him, to suppress can be expensive.
Southern Weekly: If you have the opportunity to meet Han, you want him to say something What?
Lin Peirui: mainly asked questions about recent developments and future issues in China, because I have not been to China this decade and would like to hear people's ideas, especially values, believe in hopes, the old official ideology is basically dead, except for the interest to participate in its discourse structure, but the real depths of his heart the values of private friends what?
the surface, nothing more than the value of the Chinese nation in the materialistic doctrine, but the traditional seems to agree with the daily life of a normal human values, such as the TV series where the values of people still prefer honest.
Han Han's blog post was damaged, but the loss under the valuable, ancient and modern irony was successful because there are values in it. Shuo works very damaged, there are times he came to New York I tea with him, I asked him what is your bottom line, values of what he would not say, I do not blame him. But compared to Wang Shuo, Han Han at the end house I feel some more obvious positive values.
Southern Weekly: 2006 magazine interview, you accept, Wang Shuo has been the language of praise is good, lively and true, there is infectious. You just said that Han's blog is damaged, language, sense of logic and sense of humor, very strong. with a view of Wang Shuo and the Han these two generations of young (and perhaps also Wang Xiaobo middle), there is some inheritance relations. how do you see?
Lin Peirui: About Han and Wang Shuo, Han Han prefer walking a fine line, but at least he is willing to rub the ball, but Wang Shuo's satire is more general, such as sentenced to three things Internet users, although not highlighted, or walking a fine line, but he said a specific thing, we all know what he said, in this respect him more than the resistance value of Wang Shuo. So Wang Shuo is a comparison more abstract characters in the novel things with shadow, but that is a shadow, there is no specific thing. Another example is Han recently wrote the World Expo, the reporter interviewed him, and this may not be very sensitive issue, but specific, nor is the shadow. This is the difference between them.
Wang Xiaobo's novels and essays, I'm sorry, I think I see enough, think about not valuable.
Southern Weekly: You mentioned Do you think the characters are even sought after recognition of the Chinese audience, this is their sustenance in the traditional values of Chinese culture? eager to return to these values?
Lin Peirui: I'm interested in why the promise more than three viewers will recognize the character . He was not an exemplary life, but the audience is clearly sympathetic to his simple, or even agree with him. Why? he does not represent the Olympic Games, nationalism, materialism, and so on. he was almost the opposite. Some people say that is a departure from the official values of the rebel, I do not dare to say that. I think it is the pursuit of traditional and universal values. does not necessarily go where noble gentleman behavior, and so on. I think that is just an ordinary value: to be honest, to say the truth and fair to others. promise more than three representatives is these values. people are not handsome, no girlfriend, no big business, no money. He only his integrity, his simplicity, his endurance. He shows the audience what so popular? that the audience yearning for kinds of values.
Chinese readers of literary works previously used to sustenance own values. such as the scar literature period, the report of Liu Binyan literature published, Penn Yan's contribution is to write out the details, analysis of the Octavia corruption process. people already know that Chinese society is full of corruption, do not need to tell them that Bin Yan. However, the details of Bin Yan to write so clearly and moral point of view, there is courage to publish it to the reader to get a lot of sympathy and support. Bin Yan wrote a small town northeast of the country who wrote to say, you can actually write something of our place, the people and the Chinese and the pursuit of an honest (honesty ) the value of this common response, with Liu's work and to express their dissatisfaction with the pursuit.
In a way, I think Han's blog also played that role.
Southern Weekly: In recent years , in addition to Han and the , Shen, Wu Zuxiang and Wen, Xiao Hong, Zhang Ailing, Pai Hsien-yung, Chen Ruoxi, Liu Pin-yen, GAO Xiao students, Cheng, Ge Fei, Hu Fayun. certainly there are some I do not remember a moment. In addition, Ha Jin (Xuefei) I also like, though he wrote in English do not write Chinese, but the inner life of the Chinese writing is excellent.
reading vision in recent years, in addition to Han, I also like Hufa Yun, Ji-rope, Hu wrote, Yan. com part. As for Han, University of California at Berkeley have a website dedicated to introduce and translate his blog, I do not know whether we can out of a collection. Zhang Yihe's also good, but I do not have to see, she recalled the fifties those are very good.
Jia in the Most have the impression the film is I did not see the establishment of the relationship between sex, the second to see it to understand, this is the clip of the price. can not say that they do not know, but part of a comprehensive understanding of deletions.
In addition, a few days before my night read online as part of flower to the main reaction is that the surface and superficial things. I do not know when China will sit down and look at Traitors, was living in occupied areas where there are a lot of people with the compromise with Japan, which is a historical fact, many people also follow the Communist Party compromise, by his air, and cooperation. Eileen Chang and Hu Lancheng also have their political background, not to say that Zhang written are br> (b), past and present
Southern Weekly: Internet users in China, it seems, the Chinese Writers Association possessor of contemporary writers, especially the professional writers, whose image has been difficult to say have a moral appeal to accept magazine interview .2006 , you also mentioned that Chinese writers in the 80's when a little Zhongyan the role of writers is more lovely .80 compared to the present since the late disappointment. but the problem is difficult to generalize, there are always exceptions, such as Hu Fayun, Han.
Southern Weekly: September 2009, you received in Riverside the media, have talked about 90 years since the young generation of Chinese intellectuals and all the atmosphere of the money expressed deep disappointment. your experience of 80 years in China, it was written in the spirit of the famous , a young Chinese intellectuals Xu Zhiyuan recent evaluation of the book, saying that talk, they no longer interested in talking about. then prevailing sense of crisis, has already become a popular carnival, cool feeling, and ridicule. ; Beijing Night Talk how to improve what our country.
Broadly speaking, young people since the nineties there is a change. generation after generation of Chinese young people are holding the ideal, which is a characteristic of young Chinese. However, in recent This generation of young people who sometimes hard to find this thing. I'm young now, that is, education beyond the nineties generation, really disappointed.
, of course, I do not want to say one hundred percent of today's intellectuals there is no idealism, too. aforementioned Hufa Yun and Yang Ji rope is an example. Many human rights lawyers, journalists say the truth, environmental is a matter of degree relatively worse, not absolute.
Southern Weekly: Could you expand that to say you are young intellectuals of today's years, I have observed mainly to the United States of Chinese students and graduate students. Of course there are exceptions, but generally, these graduate students, and ages of young Chinese intellectuals different, talk about social ideals, only to pursue their own interests, be willing to accept China's democratic and social disparities in the status quo of China, the Communist Party is willing to cultivate the kind of identity (narrower) nationalism. I really am disappointed to see them.
example: last year in a seminar, I met a Chinese graduate student. She is one the best universities in the United States to study, who apparently is very smart. is the official school students considered conditions are not ripe, it will be hell broke loose democracy, we have to wait years or decades to democracy.
I asked her: If Zhongnanhai democracy immediately announced tomorrow, would you stand up and say, No, conditions are ripe, the government this reference is wrong ? Or with the official version only? intellectuals should be She said, sooner or later democracy. their own interests, said she was a surface, then climb a ladder to. I understand her, but compared to previous years are the ideal young Chinese had to be said to represent a regrettable step backward.
Southern Metropolis Weekly : For now, do you think this trend continued for 20 years, there have been signs of change? your old friend, Columbia University, Department of East Asia, Mr Andy was in 2002 wrote an for this system continues to the present study provides a theoretical analysis framework, what do you think his comments made this article?
Lin Peirui: Andy brother of right, than the Mao era and 80's, the original ideology has become a huge organization of interest groups, and the inner workings of interest groups more big dictatorship, more as a puppet of bureaucracy, or a large interest group called the Special Envoy.
but the stability of this model l r in the end how much? my confidence on this issue is not Andy so strong. I think may not be very stable, I guess interest groups themselves do not believe that is so stable, otherwise why put them out of the accumulated wealth of hard transport? our house in Southern California, there are many wide, inside the home to the young
Southern Weekly: As a linguistics expert, you mentioned several times the official language and the difference between non-official languages, and people all walks of life how to adjust themselves to adapt to the requirements of the official orthodoxy. You also devoted to China's official everyday language the official language and the distinction between language and official language of oppression and violation of the public. You can even find Cource, Seven, etc. in the rhythm of the Chinese there is a special role, so the narrator's tone became more authority, more noble. would like to ask you is that now Internet users in mainland China network of talented contributions to numerous languages, such as mud horse, crab, Mahler next door and so on, there are comments that the emergence of such a network language, to some extent language is the official language of the people revolted against the orthodox ideology also played a role in deconstruction. do not know if you noticed this phenomenon, how to evaluate? whether these new networks will also put your Chinese language classrooms?
Lin Peirui: Internet language is part of the language. so I have some Chinese students after the foundation, I would like to introduce the language to their understanding of the network. Generally speaking, American students like to learn the language. In recent years, the Chinese government established in the world sing a different tune. mastered basic Chinese later, they will be like
(c), literary and political
Southern Weekly: intellectuals seems to mainly 80's, I noticed that Mo Yan, Zhang Yiwu, and so the answer is very interesting. you are also in the My question is, to your observation, the extent to which this self-censorship hinders the creative freedom of writers? this self-censorship, from 80 to 90 years since the three years, with or without a change in the curve?
Lin Peirui: At least Mo Yan's answer was clearly a self-censorship. I admire Vaclav Havel, a reference to: if there is a secondary consideration, that the truth itself, gave me one of the most precious freedom, The can only be large or small, each individual is different degree of exposure, even overseas scholar. I actually speed review purposes.
in China, I think the 80's rather vague boundaries of self-censorship, and now more clearly. such as the 83-year Crown pollution wide, sometimes even unnecessary. But now more than clear boundaries. such as five hundred thirty-five, the Dalai Lama, Xinjiang, Taiwan independence issue, FLG, top leaders of corruption, the Great Leap Forward famine and other disasters, and so Mao era have the restricted area very clear. As long as around these topics, the tension on is not as great. in general they do not touch these people, how to sing and dance all right eating and drinking.
Southern Weekly: At the same time, there is another different views. such as Jin Jiefu that and more abundant, growing trend of creative vitality, but Linpei Rui, Du Maike, Xiaofeng Xia, and their colleagues focused on the review. never can be like a new era of literature as literature, summed up the lead a time of political debates, Contemporary Chinese Literature in the West in the evaluation system, Lin Peirui emphasize the balance between politics and art has never been resolved. understanding will lead to the deviation of their art?
Lin Peirui: Jinjie Fu is my old classmates and old friends, but I understand politics and art is not opposed, in the great works I think the two are not contradictory. Xun The novel is a very clear example. Lu Xun concerned about Chin also are good examples. The key is the so-called Art break the source of evil is not a writer because of political conscience, but the the story of ordinary people, but the underlying meaning of some human and social problems, including some readers think of the I agree that the political novel inside. I think Gao Xiaosheng not explain the problem. a question that is the whole problem, many people took part, including me. Liu Binyan also said something similar, that from one angle he was grateful to be labeled a rightist, or he can not guarantee that after the Cultural Revolution, He will not go along with the mainstream harm other vulnerable groups. very few people to like them will reflect the height.
So I think it would impede on the political art of this debate, does not make sense. This is a pseudo-proposition Sometimes, some people tried to use this time to guide writers to avoid writing off his political conscience.
Southern Weekly: 80 you like these writers, a considerable part later went into exile overseas. do not know if you noticed the creation of their exile status? In your opinion, on the literature of exile mainly in what ways?
Lin Peirui: exile, there are two, one is voluntary, such as Ernest Hemingway, he voluntarily left the United States live in Europe and Cuba. one is not voluntary, such as the age group of 80 Chinese writers. As for the impact of exile on the literature, I think the advantages and disadvantages. Lee is able to maintain its independence, such as Vaclav Havel said ;, in exile in the case of relatively easy to achieve; drawback is that the diaphragm out of the soil and most of his readers. on the middle-aged Chinese writers in exile, this problem is particularly great. Su Xiaokang, Zheng Yi, and Liu Pin-yen has died have had this problem to some extent also the poet Bei Dao, and a lot of experience before. Zheng Yi and Su Xiaokang continue to write essays and reviews, readers do not have so much more, but the article is still very high quality.
China's exiled writers and political thinkers have a feature, basically do not take the time to learn English. Jeong, Su Xiaokang, Hu Ping, Yan home their, Guo Luoji, Chen Kuide, has died Liu Pin-yen, Wang Ruowang, etc are examples (there are to rely on his wife to help them cope with the English world). I mention this not to criticize them, but can be said to admire their spirit. I think they do not learn English and roots awareness of a relationship, their roots are in the Chinese world. They want to , and love, are all Chinese. This is a phenomenon of irony, these very patriotic people, and finally had to leave the country. or that they just love this country too, so had to leave. and those who are corrupt officials, a handful of fishing in the country then money to the United States to buy a house, really shaped ...
Southern Weekly full version of the full interview with Lin Peirui
Lin Peirui Profile:
Lin Peirui (Perry Link), American scholar, was born in 1944 in South Carolina, one thousand nine hundred seventy-six Doctor of Philosophy from Harvard University. Academic Versatile, the main research of modern Chinese literature, social history, popular culture, the early twentieth century Chinese popular fiction, and literature in China after Mao. fluent in Chinese, French, Japanese, served as University of California, Los Angeles, Professor of East Asian, East Asian Studies at Princeton University professor, is a professor of the University of California Riverside.
American Sinology through many difficult this was another fate of the Lin Peirui .
his Chinese teacher is the master of modern linguistics, Zhao's daughter, Harvard University Professor Zhao Rulan mm; and he himself completed the undergraduate and graduate studies at Harvard after he studied under the authority of the United States Fairbank Professor of Chinese Studies class, got a Harvard PhD in East Asian Studies, doctoral dissertation, Introduction of foreign students in the apprentice position, but also was the world can pronounce the first stage Jingqiang foreigners speaking Chinese comic dialogue.
Although it is difficult to find an American Standard Mandarin will be to such an extent, this back two first, this is still 65 years old man said modestly, to the word catch up with the genius of ordinary people. In an interview, Lin Peirui talking about, simply because the French second language elective, I felt too easy, would like to repair a little difficult language, so he chose the Chinese that the door to foreigners around the world are recognized as the most difficult language to learn
fact that interest in and family background related. Linpei Rui big in New York governor, his father served as the New York State University history professor, also a Chinese and a strong interest in Chinese culture Americans, and Lin himself has married two wives in China. He taught at Princeton University, when the office is set too quaint, or even a movie, br> 2010 �� 4 25, at Princeton University's beautiful campus, while he was attending the World Chinese Language Teaching in Princeton, participants will be gaps to be an exclusive interview with this reporter over the age of sixty is still hale and hearty, slang, take-it looks sort of a sly sort of smile. once said of his whom to settle down on China, said of his daydream about those whom the Chinese friends, and his look will reveal not in cover the concerns and sad.
scholar at Yale University, Su-Wei of Chinese view, he taught at the Yale students, the Beijing intellectual style of the , Lin Peirui also deeply involved in the situation in the history of Sino-US relations. In the 70's era of Sino-US ping-pong diplomacy, he served as the delegation's U.S. visit of Chinese ping-pong in Chinese translation; in the 80's honeymoon in Sino-US relations, he served as Director of the Office National Academy of Sciences in China. In 21 years ago, he Fang Lizhi and Li Shuxian to the U.S. embassy refuge.
decades since the 70 dynasties of Chinese society between the real observation and understanding of China and the Chinese from the heart of the sincere love of fate, makes him the same dimensional absolute sincerity of many of his Chinese friends at home and abroad, these precious friendship, as well as the rapid development of the online world, but also for his breakthrough last decade or geographic resulting from the diaphragm to provide a great convenience.
both in the beautiful town of Princeton or the University of California, Riverside campus, Lin Peirui have never stopped observing and China's continuing problems in China The sharp thinking. Su-Wei He then judge the relationship with China.
Lin Peirui Interview:
a, Han and Wang Shuo
Southern Weekly: You study the earliest of the early Republic of China Mandarin Duck and Butterfly fiction, these novels to the main scene in Shanghai. to the late 90s of last century, also in Shanghai, appeared to Wei Hui, rain, as the representatives of the so-called Inheritance and collusion?
Lin Peirui: First one difference is that the text than the Mandarin Duck and Butterfly Classical style to writing. Another basic Mandarin Duck and Butterfly are men, although they also have several women's magazines, but also in the care of male writers. Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School different is never any the same place. such as Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School often triangular love story structure, the two women supporting women and traditional women represent new, a man like the new women and representatives dealing with the West, adventure new culture, but in the end and representatives Oriental traditional women to get married. traditional women are more flat, boring and even children, but after all reliable, does not represent any risk or threat. in Wei Hui's novel is the same, but the main character into a woman, two men in a supporting role, Mark sexy sort of barbaric, on behalf of Western tastes; another that Chinese male, Wenzhou Zhou, and sexuality in general, representative of traditional Chinese man. from the 20th century, the age of 10 to 90 years in Shanghai, the change of course more, but still popular fiction like through the 80's a lot of play is very famous. how do you view his work and his influence in China?
Lin Peirui: I first get to know his work, people who know him after I was .1979 visiting scholar at the Sun Yat Sen University , he acted in campus open play Writers have proposed to the local leaves and sand to meet new, people say, of a contemporary writer. In addition to his plays, in recent years, he left the deepest impression is that in 2006 he wrote an article Wanzhou events in 2004, Sha asked, Q to the point, excellent.
Southern Weekly: Also in Shanghai, China's contemporary writers, the Han Internet users in China has a very large appeal, do not know if you noticed that after eighty young people?
Lin Peirui: Han I read his blog, it is like he is a talent, language is not gorgeous, but a strong sense of logic and sense of humor, but also point to the sensitive stuff, do not touch, but played very edge ball standards, allowing many people vent. I remember him in ; many views do not need to speak out thoroughly, my role is to give them the opportunity to vent There are also some different views, such as in accordance with the , that is: Let us have fun, we do not challenge your right to administer the country. Han to sharp criticism of the government and institutions, but at the fact he is just a dissatisfaction with the energy of young people into consumerism, voluntary participants in the program. ; how you look at the peer's view?
Linpei Rui: I do not agree. Han with the Communist Party an Three users events), click-through rate was so high, even with the incredible will welcome him officially a Time Magazine Many such means the possibility of emotional drive fermentation contemporary Chinese society, it is possible to play a leading role in some degree of public?
Lin Peirui: parties may not like him, but so many people followed him, more difficult. I think Han and past the famous public intellectuals who at this point is not the same, the previous well-known that gas although the public are great, but only intellectuals. Unlike Han, fans across the different sectors of society. suppress the words of Han will provoke more civil response, I think the Government can not but consider this, so many people envy him, to suppress can be expensive.
Southern Weekly: If you have the opportunity to meet Han, you want him to say something What?
Lin Peirui: mainly asked questions about recent developments and future issues in China, because I have not been to China this decade and would like to hear people's ideas, especially values, believe in hopes, the old official ideology is basically dead, except for the interest to participate in its discourse structure, but the real depths of his heart the values of private friends what?
the surface, nothing more than the value of the Chinese nation in the materialistic doctrine, but the traditional seems to agree with the daily life of a normal human values, such as the TV series where the values of people still prefer honest.
Han Han's blog post was damaged, but the loss under the valuable, ancient and modern irony was successful because there are values in it. Shuo works very damaged, there are times he came to New York I tea with him, I asked him what is your bottom line, values of what he would not say, I do not blame him. But compared to Wang Shuo, Han Han at the end house I feel some more obvious positive values.
Southern Weekly: 2006 magazine interview, you accept, Wang Shuo has been the language of praise is good, lively and true, there is infectious. You just said that Han's blog is damaged, language, sense of logic and sense of humor, very strong. with a view of Wang Shuo and the Han these two generations of young (and perhaps also Wang Xiaobo middle), there is some inheritance relations. how do you see?
Lin Peirui: About Han and Wang Shuo, Han Han prefer walking a fine line, but at least he is willing to rub the ball, but Wang Shuo's satire is more general, such as sentenced to three things Internet users, although not highlighted, or walking a fine line, but he said a specific thing, we all know what he said, in this respect him more than the resistance value of Wang Shuo. So Wang Shuo is a comparison more abstract characters in the novel things with shadow, but that is a shadow, there is no specific thing. Another example is Han recently wrote the World Expo, the reporter interviewed him, and this may not be very sensitive issue, but specific, nor is the shadow. This is the difference between them.
Wang Xiaobo's novels and essays, I'm sorry, I think I see enough, think about not valuable.
Southern Weekly: You mentioned Do you think the characters are even sought after recognition of the Chinese audience, this is their sustenance in the traditional values of Chinese culture? eager to return to these values?
Lin Peirui: I'm interested in why the promise more than three viewers will recognize the character . He was not an exemplary life, but the audience is clearly sympathetic to his simple, or even agree with him. Why? he does not represent the Olympic Games, nationalism, materialism, and so on. he was almost the opposite. Some people say that is a departure from the official values of the rebel, I do not dare to say that. I think it is the pursuit of traditional and universal values. does not necessarily go where noble gentleman behavior, and so on. I think that is just an ordinary value: to be honest, to say the truth and fair to others. promise more than three representatives is these values. people are not handsome, no girlfriend, no big business, no money. He only his integrity, his simplicity, his endurance. He shows the audience what so popular? that the audience yearning for kinds of values.
Chinese readers of literary works previously used to sustenance own values. such as the scar literature period, the report of Liu Binyan literature published, Penn Yan's contribution is to write out the details, analysis of the Octavia corruption process. people already know that Chinese society is full of corruption, do not need to tell them that Bin Yan. However, the details of Bin Yan to write so clearly and moral point of view, there is courage to publish it to the reader to get a lot of sympathy and support. Bin Yan wrote a small town northeast of the country who wrote to say, you can actually write something of our place, the people and the Chinese and the pursuit of an honest (honesty ) the value of this common response, with Liu's work and to express their dissatisfaction with the pursuit.
In a way, I think Han's blog also played that role.
Southern Weekly: In recent years , in addition to Han and the , Shen, Wu Zuxiang and Wen, Xiao Hong, Zhang Ailing, Pai Hsien-yung, Chen Ruoxi, Liu Pin-yen, GAO Xiao students, Cheng, Ge Fei, Hu Fayun. certainly there are some I do not remember a moment. In addition, Ha Jin (Xuefei) I also like, though he wrote in English do not write Chinese, but the inner life of the Chinese writing is excellent.
reading vision in recent years, in addition to Han, I also like Hufa Yun, Ji-rope, Hu wrote, Yan. com part. As for Han, University of California at Berkeley have a website dedicated to introduce and translate his blog, I do not know whether we can out of a collection. Zhang Yihe's also good, but I do not have to see, she recalled the fifties those are very good.
Jia in the Most have the impression the film is I did not see the establishment of the relationship between sex, the second to see it to understand, this is the clip of the price. can not say that they do not know, but part of a comprehensive understanding of deletions.
In addition, a few days before my night read online as part of flower to the main reaction is that the surface and superficial things. I do not know when China will sit down and look at Traitors, was living in occupied areas where there are a lot of people with the compromise with Japan, which is a historical fact, many people also follow the Communist Party compromise, by his air, and cooperation. Eileen Chang and Hu Lancheng also have their political background, not to say that Zhang written are br> (b), past and present
Southern Weekly: Internet users in China, it seems, the Chinese Writers Association possessor of contemporary writers, especially the professional writers, whose image has been difficult to say have a moral appeal to accept magazine interview .2006 , you also mentioned that Chinese writers in the 80's when a little Zhongyan the role of writers is more lovely .80 compared to the present since the late disappointment. but the problem is difficult to generalize, there are always exceptions, such as Hu Fayun, Han.
Southern Weekly: September 2009, you received in Riverside the media, have talked about 90 years since the young generation of Chinese intellectuals and all the atmosphere of the money expressed deep disappointment. your experience of 80 years in China, it was written in the spirit of the famous , a young Chinese intellectuals Xu Zhiyuan recent evaluation of the book, saying that talk, they no longer interested in talking about. then prevailing sense of crisis, has already become a popular carnival, cool feeling, and ridicule. ; Beijing Night Talk how to improve what our country.
Broadly speaking, young people since the nineties there is a change. generation after generation of Chinese young people are holding the ideal, which is a characteristic of young Chinese. However, in recent This generation of young people who sometimes hard to find this thing. I'm young now, that is, education beyond the nineties generation, really disappointed.
, of course, I do not want to say one hundred percent of today's intellectuals there is no idealism, too. aforementioned Hufa Yun and Yang Ji rope is an example. Many human rights lawyers, journalists say the truth, environmental is a matter of degree relatively worse, not absolute.
Southern Weekly: Could you expand that to say you are young intellectuals of today's years, I have observed mainly to the United States of Chinese students and graduate students. Of course there are exceptions, but generally, these graduate students, and ages of young Chinese intellectuals different, talk about social ideals, only to pursue their own interests, be willing to accept China's democratic and social disparities in the status quo of China, the Communist Party is willing to cultivate the kind of identity (narrower) nationalism. I really am disappointed to see them.
example: last year in a seminar, I met a Chinese graduate student. She is one the best universities in the United States to study, who apparently is very smart. is the official school students considered conditions are not ripe, it will be hell broke loose democracy, we have to wait years or decades to democracy.
I asked her: If Zhongnanhai democracy immediately announced tomorrow, would you stand up and say, No, conditions are ripe, the government this reference is wrong ? Or with the official version only? intellectuals should be She said, sooner or later democracy. their own interests, said she was a surface, then climb a ladder to. I understand her, but compared to previous years are the ideal young Chinese had to be said to represent a regrettable step backward.
Southern Metropolis Weekly : For now, do you think this trend continued for 20 years, there have been signs of change? your old friend, Columbia University, Department of East Asia, Mr Andy was in 2002 wrote an for this system continues to the present study provides a theoretical analysis framework, what do you think his comments made this article?
Lin Peirui: Andy brother of right, than the Mao era and 80's, the original ideology has become a huge organization of interest groups, and the inner workings of interest groups more big dictatorship, more as a puppet of bureaucracy, or a large interest group called the Special Envoy.
but the stability of this model l r in the end how much? my confidence on this issue is not Andy so strong. I think may not be very stable, I guess interest groups themselves do not believe that is so stable, otherwise why put them out of the accumulated wealth of hard transport? our house in Southern California, there are many wide, inside the home to the young
Southern Weekly: As a linguistics expert, you mentioned several times the official language and the difference between non-official languages, and people all walks of life how to adjust themselves to adapt to the requirements of the official orthodoxy. You also devoted to China's official everyday language the official language and the distinction between language and official language of oppression and violation of the public. You can even find Cource, Seven, etc. in the rhythm of the Chinese there is a special role, so the narrator's tone became more authority, more noble. would like to ask you is that now Internet users in mainland China network of talented contributions to numerous languages, such as mud horse, crab, Mahler next door and so on, there are comments that the emergence of such a network language, to some extent language is the official language of the people revolted against the orthodox ideology also played a role in deconstruction. do not know if you noticed this phenomenon, how to evaluate? whether these new networks will also put your Chinese language classrooms?
Lin Peirui: Internet language is part of the language. so I have some Chinese students after the foundation, I would like to introduce the language to their understanding of the network. Generally speaking, American students like to learn the language. In recent years, the Chinese government established in the world sing a different tune. mastered basic Chinese later, they will be like
(c), literary and political
Southern Weekly: intellectuals seems to mainly 80's, I noticed that Mo Yan, Zhang Yiwu, and so the answer is very interesting. you are also in the My question is, to your observation, the extent to which this self-censorship hinders the creative freedom of writers? this self-censorship, from 80 to 90 years since the three years, with or without a change in the curve?
Lin Peirui: At least Mo Yan's answer was clearly a self-censorship. I admire Vaclav Havel, a reference to: if there is a secondary consideration, that the truth itself, gave me one of the most precious freedom, The can only be large or small, each individual is different degree of exposure, even overseas scholar. I actually speed review purposes.
in China, I think the 80's rather vague boundaries of self-censorship, and now more clearly. such as the 83-year Crown pollution wide, sometimes even unnecessary. But now more than clear boundaries. such as five hundred thirty-five, the Dalai Lama, Xinjiang, Taiwan independence issue, FLG, top leaders of corruption, the Great Leap Forward famine and other disasters, and so Mao era have the restricted area very clear. As long as around these topics, the tension on is not as great. in general they do not touch these people, how to sing and dance all right eating and drinking.
Southern Weekly: At the same time, there is another different views. such as Jin Jiefu that and more abundant, growing trend of creative vitality, but Linpei Rui, Du Maike, Xiaofeng Xia, and their colleagues focused on the review. never can be like a new era of literature as literature, summed up the lead a time of political debates, Contemporary Chinese Literature in the West in the evaluation system, Lin Peirui emphasize the balance between politics and art has never been resolved. understanding will lead to the deviation of their art?
Lin Peirui: Jinjie Fu is my old classmates and old friends, but I understand politics and art is not opposed, in the great works I think the two are not contradictory. Xun The novel is a very clear example. Lu Xun concerned about Chin also are good examples. The key is the so-called Art break the source of evil is not a writer because of political conscience, but the the story of ordinary people, but the underlying meaning of some human and social problems, including some readers think of the I agree that the political novel inside. I think Gao Xiaosheng not explain the problem. a question that is the whole problem, many people took part, including me. Liu Binyan also said something similar, that from one angle he was grateful to be labeled a rightist, or he can not guarantee that after the Cultural Revolution, He will not go along with the mainstream harm other vulnerable groups. very few people to like them will reflect the height.
So I think it would impede on the political art of this debate, does not make sense. This is a pseudo-proposition Sometimes, some people tried to use this time to guide writers to avoid writing off his political conscience.
Southern Weekly: 80 you like these writers, a considerable part later went into exile overseas. do not know if you noticed the creation of their exile status? In your opinion, on the literature of exile mainly in what ways?
Lin Peirui: exile, there are two, one is voluntary, such as Ernest Hemingway, he voluntarily left the United States live in Europe and Cuba. one is not voluntary, such as the age group of 80 Chinese writers. As for the impact of exile on the literature, I think the advantages and disadvantages. Lee is able to maintain its independence, such as Vaclav Havel said ;, in exile in the case of relatively easy to achieve; drawback is that the diaphragm out of the soil and most of his readers. on the middle-aged Chinese writers in exile, this problem is particularly great. Su Xiaokang, Zheng Yi, and Liu Pin-yen has died have had this problem to some extent also the poet Bei Dao, and a lot of experience before. Zheng Yi and Su Xiaokang continue to write essays and reviews, readers do not have so much more, but the article is still very high quality.
China's exiled writers and political thinkers have a feature, basically do not take the time to learn English. Jeong, Su Xiaokang, Hu Ping, Yan home their, Guo Luoji, Chen Kuide, has died Liu Pin-yen, Wang Ruowang, etc are examples (there are to rely on his wife to help them cope with the English world). I mention this not to criticize them, but can be said to admire their spirit. I think they do not learn English and roots awareness of a relationship, their roots are in the Chinese world. They want to , and love, are all Chinese. This is a phenomenon of irony, these very patriotic people, and finally had to leave the country. or that they just love this country too, so had to leave. and those who are corrupt officials, a handful of fishing in the country then money to the United States to buy a house, really shaped ...
Monday, February 14, 2011
Dream! Reality! Which is more illusory
Yesterday, she came back!
We arranged to meet at the station to meet
often see me, she only said:
I blinked and could not believe my ears.
She wore that white printed with Mickey T-shirt, brown skirt piece and I send her sandals.
pink card, the most expensive earrings askew.
all so familiar!
McDonald's to eat the familiar favorite sundae ....... In this way, the day passed very happy!
most familiar to the station, gave her the 35 on the familiar road .
she turned around, I leave a kiss on the cheek, turn on the car to go .......< br> I dreaming? forced to pinch my own look. hurts!! < br> 35 open the way to go, I'm still immersed in the happiness!
Suddenly, the phone rang, sounding Canon!
busy looking for my phone, but how could not find, I feel like in my ear So reach out to touch ......< br> first touched the pillow, and then the phone!!
I woke up! already this morning! yellow beam dream!!
sat in bed for a long time! is the dream? well clear! good kind!
not dream of it!! I even see the number on her contact lenses!!
suddenly awakened, she was not wearing a stealth has been a long time ......
I have said, if the three types of people: 1 person living in the future; 2, living in a real person; 3, who live in the memories of the third class I
it! < br> because the memories, so it is difficult to forget; it is difficult to forget, so the pain!
always the old stuff with emotion, unwilling to give up easily.
of something new is excluded, this is probably my the problem now!
as > separate from the April 17 has been almost two months
still find salvation in pain!
like Shawshank prison from the outside to climb!
I am not not about to pull yourself together! not want Sign climb out of this prison is full of wonderful memories!
just, I do not know the way!
I can not find an open hole in the beak to hammer. can not find the poster to cover the hole in the beauty
can only use their hands in this impregnable fortress prison last time the digging!
fresh bloody ......< br> I understand that the only need is time
it may, there are hope!
However, such a dream
in the end this reality, the more unreal?
Or, both could have been the same ......
We arranged to meet at the station to meet
often see me, she only said:
I blinked and could not believe my ears.
She wore that white printed with Mickey T-shirt, brown skirt piece and I send her sandals.
pink card, the most expensive earrings askew.
all so familiar!
McDonald's to eat the familiar favorite sundae ....... In this way, the day passed very happy!
most familiar to the station, gave her the 35 on the familiar road .
she turned around, I leave a kiss on the cheek, turn on the car to go .......< br> I dreaming? forced to pinch my own look. hurts!! < br> 35 open the way to go, I'm still immersed in the happiness!
Suddenly, the phone rang, sounding Canon!
busy looking for my phone, but how could not find, I feel like in my ear So reach out to touch ......< br> first touched the pillow, and then the phone!!
I woke up! already this morning! yellow beam dream!!
sat in bed for a long time! is the dream? well clear! good kind!
not dream of it!! I even see the number on her contact lenses!!
suddenly awakened, she was not wearing a stealth has been a long time ......
I have said, if the three types of people: 1 person living in the future; 2, living in a real person; 3, who live in the memories of the third class I
it! < br> because the memories, so it is difficult to forget; it is difficult to forget, so the pain!
always the old stuff with emotion, unwilling to give up easily.
of something new is excluded, this is probably my the problem now!
as > separate from the April 17 has been almost two months
still find salvation in pain!
like Shawshank prison from the outside to climb!
I am not not about to pull yourself together! not want Sign climb out of this prison is full of wonderful memories!
just, I do not know the way!
I can not find an open hole in the beak to hammer. can not find the poster to cover the hole in the beauty
can only use their hands in this impregnable fortress prison last time the digging!
fresh bloody ......< br> I understand that the only need is time
it may, there are hope!
However, such a dream
in the end this reality, the more unreal?
Or, both could have been the same ......
Sunday, February 13, 2011
Zhang Ziyi over 32 years old birthday blog exposes no new romance
Zhang Ziyi (data map)
Yesterday was the 32-year-old Zhang Ziyi
birthday. Two days ago, Zhang Ziyi did not write a blog exposing new romance. In this blog she writes:
New Year holidays to be over soon, do not know if you been? Delicious, fun, good mood? Our family and a dozen relatives and friends just returned to Beijing, where the trip to run a lot, a lot of harvest, young and old was very happy. Perfect!
birthday tomorrow, 32 years old, thank you all greetings to friends and fans! Aquarius I wish all children's shoes are safe and healthy, happy birthday!
answer some of the most interesting question we now, after falling out of the meeting.
No New Year red envelopes
: hair much less collected, hey
Where have
birthday: a Beijing restaurant, a club
birthday and who have: family and friends Basin
birthday wish: to endure thousands of knives to children to human traffickers to come back
health: as back much better
emotional state: there is no new love
working conditions: After years of continued back to Guangdong,
enough? Haha, once again Happy New Year!
Yesterday was the 32-year-old Zhang Ziyi
birthday. Two days ago, Zhang Ziyi did not write a blog exposing new romance. In this blog she writes:
New Year holidays to be over soon, do not know if you been? Delicious, fun, good mood? Our family and a dozen relatives and friends just returned to Beijing, where the trip to run a lot, a lot of harvest, young and old was very happy. Perfect!
birthday tomorrow, 32 years old, thank you all greetings to friends and fans! Aquarius I wish all children's shoes are safe and healthy, happy birthday!
answer some of the most interesting question we now, after falling out of the meeting.
No New Year red envelopes
: hair much less collected, hey
Where have
birthday: a Beijing restaurant, a club
birthday and who have: family and friends Basin
birthday wish: to endure thousands of knives to children to human traffickers to come back
health: as back much better
emotional state: there is no new love
working conditions: After years of continued back to Guangdong,
enough? Haha, once again Happy New Year!
Friday, February 11, 2011
Index should not be blind approach to accelerate to catch the end of
On the basis of the former city fell, the weight index stocks in the afternoon, led by stock index continues to drop, and hit a low of 4409.08 points, oil closed at the lowest point, down 8.11%, Ping An was enclosed in a limit, contributed to the decline in stock . from the recent trend in the disk of view, the Shanghai index 4818m4891 point upward gap in the short term become an obstacle to suppress the power of the main index upward. cities rose only 77 A shares, or more than 9% as many as 646 stocks, the market fatigue at a glance.
short-term trends continue to shape the light, the once small plates trend is also active in the deep-down state, sufficient to show that the C wave decline in this round of mass destruction is very great degree. inability to rebound after 3 days after stock down again for support, but after the rapid decline in a row, the figure can be seen from the short time-momentum gradually weakened, the market outlook will be expected to have wide fluctuations. internal and external uncertainties coupled with the Spring Festival holiday, the recent rebound in stock will not have decent , the market outlook is still the possibility of new lows.
stocks from the disk performance, although some stocks were hit the daily limit, but only a dozen or even dozens of hand-sealing one hand, that in no hurry to ship the main , Kong Huangpan also no significant increase. the last stage of bad news over the place, the stock fell almost turns down again, so do not rule out the opportunity to suppress the main stock index in the current approach Xihuo possible. but only if there is no obvious or signs of stabilization, the decline can not be said to end, so should not blind approach to hold out the main short-term should be expected to approach a half weeks after the opportunity.
shares silly
short-term trends continue to shape the light, the once small plates trend is also active in the deep-down state, sufficient to show that the C wave decline in this round of mass destruction is very great degree. inability to rebound after 3 days after stock down again for support, but after the rapid decline in a row, the figure can be seen from the short time-momentum gradually weakened, the market outlook will be expected to have wide fluctuations. internal and external uncertainties coupled with the Spring Festival holiday, the recent rebound in stock will not have decent , the market outlook is still the possibility of new lows.
stocks from the disk performance, although some stocks were hit the daily limit, but only a dozen or even dozens of hand-sealing one hand, that in no hurry to ship the main , Kong Huangpan also no significant increase. the last stage of bad news over the place, the stock fell almost turns down again, so do not rule out the opportunity to suppress the main stock index in the current approach Xihuo possible. but only if there is no obvious or signs of stabilization, the decline can not be said to end, so should not blind approach to hold out the main short-term should be expected to approach a half weeks after the opportunity.
shares silly
Thursday, February 10, 2011
Like the defeated Chen and grace!
Like Chen and grace.
0 to 3 when the Chinese volleyball team lost to Brazil, missed the final guidance is still hard to believe that Chen could face such a manner CCTV reporters.
Smiling, but it is very difficult to see the losers smile.
said Dankan results, but we used to see the losers have been helpless, silent, and even crying face, had to guide the hearts and admiration Chen and elegant.
hope Our coaches have in the face of defeat when the grace Chen guidance, it is beyond the achievement of a victory outside.
hope Chen can leave the guidance! Chinese women's volleyball team will be brilliant.
0 to 3 when the Chinese volleyball team lost to Brazil, missed the final guidance is still hard to believe that Chen could face such a manner CCTV reporters.
Smiling, but it is very difficult to see the losers smile.
said Dankan results, but we used to see the losers have been helpless, silent, and even crying face, had to guide the hearts and admiration Chen and elegant.
hope Our coaches have in the face of defeat when the grace Chen guidance, it is beyond the achievement of a victory outside.
hope Chen can leave the guidance! Chinese women's volleyball team will be brilliant.
Wednesday, February 9, 2011
Department of Housing and Urban personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates raised to 4.5%
China Economic Net
Beijing on February 9 the Department of Housing and Urban hearing today (9) issued lending rates. For more than five years of personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates 0.20 percentage points from 4.30% to 4.50% raised; five-year or less (including five years) personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates by 0.25 percentage points, from 3.75% to 4.00%.
on the adjustment of housing provident fund deposit and lending rates notice
Jian Jin
[2011] No. 15
provinces, autonomous regions, the Office of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, municipalities and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps housing provident fund management committee, the housing provident fund management center:
under the
one, from February 9, 2011, the increase of individual housing provident fund deposit rates. Imputation of the individual housing provident fund year deposit rate by 0.04 percentage points, from 0.36% to 0.40%; last year carried over individual housing provident fund deposit interest rates 0.35 percentage points, from 2.25% to 2.60%.
II, from February 9, 2011, the increased personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates. For more than five years of personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates 0.20 percentage points from 4.30% to 4.50% raised; five-year or less (including five years) personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates by 0.25 percentage points, from 3.75% to 4.00%.
Third, from 9 February 2011, the use of housing provident fund loans to carry out construction of affordable housing pilot project of the city, lending rates by more than five years of personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates go up 10% of the execution.
Please provinces, autonomous regions and the Office of Housing and Urban will immediately forward the notice related to the housing provident fund management committee, the implementation of the housing provident fund management center. Interest rate adjustment of the new situation and new problems to deal with and report to our department in a timely manner.
Republic of China Ministry of Housing and Urban
February 9, 2011
Schedule: housing provident fund deposit and loan interest rate adjustments Unit: annual interest rate%
items Interest rates before the adjustment After adjusting the interest rate one year savings of individual housing provident fund deposit 0.36 0.4 the previous year carried forward 2.25 2.6 Second, the individual housing provident fund loans to five (with five) 3.75 More than 4 years 4.3 4.5 Third, the pilot project loans More than five years by individual housing provident fund loans interest rates go up 10% With the former
Beijing on February 9 the Department of Housing and Urban hearing today (9) issued lending rates. For more than five years of personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates 0.20 percentage points from 4.30% to 4.50% raised; five-year or less (including five years) personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates by 0.25 percentage points, from 3.75% to 4.00%.
on the adjustment of housing provident fund deposit and lending rates notice
Jian Jin
[2011] No. 15
provinces, autonomous regions, the Office of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, municipalities and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps housing provident fund management committee, the housing provident fund management center:
under the
one, from February 9, 2011, the increase of individual housing provident fund deposit rates. Imputation of the individual housing provident fund year deposit rate by 0.04 percentage points, from 0.36% to 0.40%; last year carried over individual housing provident fund deposit interest rates 0.35 percentage points, from 2.25% to 2.60%.
II, from February 9, 2011, the increased personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates. For more than five years of personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates 0.20 percentage points from 4.30% to 4.50% raised; five-year or less (including five years) personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates by 0.25 percentage points, from 3.75% to 4.00%.
Third, from 9 February 2011, the use of housing provident fund loans to carry out construction of affordable housing pilot project of the city, lending rates by more than five years of personal housing accumulation fund loan interest rates go up 10% of the execution.
Please provinces, autonomous regions and the Office of Housing and Urban will immediately forward the notice related to the housing provident fund management committee, the implementation of the housing provident fund management center. Interest rate adjustment of the new situation and new problems to deal with and report to our department in a timely manner.
Republic of China Ministry of Housing and Urban
February 9, 2011
Schedule: housing provident fund deposit and loan interest rate adjustments Unit: annual interest rate%
items Interest rates before the adjustment After adjusting the interest rate one year savings of individual housing provident fund deposit 0.36 0.4 the previous year carried forward 2.25 2.6 Second, the individual housing provident fund loans to five (with five) 3.75 More than 4 years 4.3 4.5 Third, the pilot project loans More than five years by individual housing provident fund loans interest rates go up 10% With the former
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