Edison and the invention of electric light, etc.

 Respondents: mkk0112 - Senior Manager seven 8-27 11:21 
1, created an attractive home decoration lighting, all kinds of different shapes lamp; lighting store an array of decorative lights; alert traffic lights; beautify people's lives, and pedestrian-friendly urban neon light hh it can bring people, bring people mood, bringing warm, decorated the living hh
2, the development process of Cape Light, professor of physics bold
Imagine 1802, in Russia's St. Petersburg College of Surgeons, a professor of physics called Bideluofu announced his intention light extraction. enthusiasm has not been put out all the irony of the pressure, because not too long ago, the American physicist Benjamin Franklin with kite raises the issue so that he was inspired spark: battery wire connection at both ends being generated by electric spark, can not become sustainable lighting, for lighting purposes? In order to achieve the desired results, Bideluofu made unremitting efforts. Although never dying to see the Rove discovered the and can completely illuminate a large dark room. From the arc lights to incandescent
almost in the same period in 1809 are buried for electrochemical studies also found the famous British chemist David arc. He personally made a lot of storage appliances, using a 2000 V hit the battery, get a more intense brighter arc.
Bideluofu and David is similar to the experimental setup, which is actually a very new light mmm carbon arc lamps of the prototype. then this light charcoal using the general made of carbon rods, burning too fast, as if the dazzling arc flash in the pan.
about 30 years later, it was thought and the application of hard and compact the coke to replace charcoal in general. As charcoal burning slower than coke, arc flash Liang also extended a lot of the time.
French scientific and technical personnel to the arc was fitted with a clockwork device, enabling it to automatically adjust the distance between two carbon rods. This, the first official birth of carbon arc lamp pole the.
1876, the Russian electrician Yabu Lodge Markov arc lamps were again larger reform. He watches authority to cancel the complex light adjustment device and the magnet, and let the two carbon rods erected side by side, in the middle separated by a piece of clay or plaster made of insulating film. He also uses a device that can continuously change the direction of the current, so that two carbon rods alternately act as anode and cathode, so that the burning rate of two carbon rods on the basic the same, while the distance between their ends will remain unchanged for the. As the two carbon rods erected side by side when the light like a candle, it gave it a good name to take the ;. electric candle sent beautiful light pink or lavender, each able to continue to light about two hours.
in the 19th century, after the age of 70 years, electric candle has prevailed. by the French Association of Investment General Electric manufacture of electric candle lights have been used as a support to fire in the street, a city of Paris alone to stun with the thousands of candles on the streets instead of the original 70,000 kerosene lamps, so as bustling Paris the real city that never sleeps. electric candle is also lit up the London streets and ancient Persia, but also Roman Theatre and the Royal Palace of Cambodia over the arc lights shining hh
the advent of electric lighting has opened up a new era in the history of mankind lighting a herald of great significance. arc lamp as high brightness, high luminous efficiency, good color in the printing plate, film screenings and other fields has unparalleled advantages, still occupy the place until today. But the power-candle power , life is short, but also produce harmful gases, so the emergence of the incandescent lamp, lighting it almost disappeared.
1879, Edison in practice on the basis of previous research, manufacturing the world's first batch of for practical carbon filament incandescent lamp. Edison improved carbonization methods, to a length of cotton sprinkled toner, bent into a U-shaped, fitted to the clay crucible made of high-temperature heating in the filament, and then sealed to the glass bulb filament, the detail removing the air inside. in the year October 21, the lamp starts lighting, continuous light 45 hours! Edison created the incandescent lamp made great contributions to the process.
incandescent from the immature to mature
bright lights popular, has a large number of inventors to join the cause of the improvement to incandescent. In fact before the birth of the carbon filament incandescent lamp, people try to do a variety of refractory metal filament incandescent come in after the search for the ideal state of the filament is sparing no effort. finally in the 20th century's first nine years, Americans have found excellent performance Keli Qi material mmm tungsten filament. tungsten has many remarkable features, it more than any other kind of metal elements have high melting point, and it is less evaporation when heated, so the materials used for the filament, tungsten is an ideal fit. with the production of tungsten filament incandescent lamp as it is a history of lighting technology milestone. tungsten incandescent lamp made with the introduction of kerosene, gas lamps, gas lamps in the competition won a decisive victory; tungsten application has effectively promoted the development of electric lighting industry, has opened a new era of electric lighting technology. < br> incandescent .1913 improvements are not complacent, the Langmuir for the first time to the bulb in the nitrogen filled, which follows from the carbon filament to tungsten filament, the incandescent lamp is another important innovation. Tubes in nitrogen filled, filament to form a thin layer around the stable protective layer of gas, so that the filament can work at higher temperatures, and suppress the evaporation of tungsten, tungsten overcome in the course of the performance deficiencies (until Today, the inflatable bulb production process is still an important process).
and in order to improve the efficiency of incandescent light, to extend lamp life, people again in the composition and structure of the filament down enough effort. inventors mmm introduced a new element rhenium. rhenium has the advantage of not only the high melting point, corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties, electrical resistivity is much higher than that of tungsten. rhenium plated tungsten wire, the strength and resistance greatly enhanced, life can be extended 5 times! At the same time, people began to spiral filament made, this one can reduce the footprint, improve the luminous efficiency, the other can continue to reduce the evaporation of tungsten, extend the useful life, can be said to serve two purposes .1936 years People filament made of a double helix, so that the working temperature of incandescent inflation increased to 2500. more, with the incandescent lamp photography and even reached 3000.: the first generation of incandescent mature.
throughout the 20th century until the 21 century, the incandescent lighting has been a big family, a beautiful landscape. Although in today's life there have been more remarkable than the incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, neon hh but in the home life of ordinary people, ordinary incandescent lamps are still play an irreplaceable role.
3, Thomas. Alva. Edison (ThomasAlvaEdison) is a world famous scientist and inventor of American power, apart from the phonograph, electric light, telephone, telegraph, film and other aspects of the invention and contributions and, in the mining, construction, chemical industry, there are many well-known creativity and insights. Edison of about two thousand inventions, and progress of human civilization made a great contribution.
Edison in 1847 on February 11 was born in Milan, Ohio, United States, a small Midwest town. father is a descendant of the Dutch, his mother worked as primary school teachers, are the descendants of Scots. Edison was 7 years old, his father operate the business at a loss roof tiles , the family moved to Huron, Michigan, the northern suburb of Fort Gela Di Ott settled. moved here shortly after Thomas Edison suffered from scarlet fever, was sick for a long time, people think the disease is caused by the reasons for his deafness . Edison 8-year-old school, but only read the book three months, it was the teacher dismissed as mother's good teaching methods, so he had a strong interest in reading. Shakespeare, Dickens and many important works of history books, to 9 years old, he was difficult to quickly read the book, such as Parker's experimented with his first telegram. to make money to buy chemicals and equipment, he began to work .12 years old, he received the report of the work sold on the train and, after the Port Huron and Detroit, Michigan. He while selling newspapers, while also offering fruits, vegetables business, and whenever he went to the library. He bought an old printing press and began publishing their own magazine - printed on the train. he used the money earned in the baggage car of a chemical laboratory was established. Unfortunately, there is a chemical fire, and he along with all his equipment was thrown from the car. Another time, when Edison was trying to boarded a freight train, a conductor took him by the ears to help him on the train. This action led Edison to become life-long deaf. August 1862, Edison rescued by dauntless courage of a hero on the train tracks about killed the boy. the father this deeply grateful, but no money to reward, offered to teach him telegraphy. Since then, Edison will and power of this mysterious relationship between the New World took place, embarked on a scientific journey.
In 1863, the Edison Rail Link as a major telecommunications hub 路斯特拉福特 telegraph operator. From 1864 to 1867, throughout the Midwest as a radio operator, living like a vagabond life. goals in a row, including Stella Ford, Adrian, Fort Wayne, Indianapolis, Cincinnati, Nashville, Tennessee, Memphis, Louisville, Huron and other places.
1868, Edison went to Boston as radio operator. In the same year He won the first invention. This is a device that automatically records the votes cast. Edison that will speed up the congressional This device work, it will be welcomed. However, one congressman told him that they no intention to speed up the agenda, sometimes slowly, to vote out of political needs. Since then, Edison decided to no longer engage in any invention do not need it.
1869 年 6 March, when he came to New York looking for work . When he was summoned to wait in the office when a broker, a telegraph machine is broken. Edison is there only one who can fix the telegraph, and he have gained a better than he expected on his work .10 together with the Pope set up a the manager of a large company, wanted $ 5,000 asking price, but lacks the courage to say it to. So he let the manager to give a price, while the manager gave $ 40,000.
Edison in New Jersey used the money Niuwa g City Ward Street built a factory, specializes in manufacturing all kinds of electrical machinery. He worked through the night. He has trained many competent assistants, also met up a diligent Mary, his future first bride. in New York Wacker, he made such as waxed paper, mimeograph and other inventions, from 1872 to 1875, Edison has invented the double, quadruple telegraph, but also to help other people out into the world's first one in English typewriter.
the spring of 1876, Edison moved again, this time he moved to New Jersey, magician . In order to extend the life of the filament, he re-testing, about the trial of the 6000 kinds of fiber materials, to find a new light - Japanese bamboo, sustainable 1,000 hours to achieve a durable purpose. On the one speaking, this invention is the culmination of Edison's life to achieve success. Then, he created a power supply system, so that the distance from the center of the lamp power stations and distribution, which is a major technological achievement. < br> He first found in the pure science occurred in 1883. test lights, he observed the phenomenon he called the Edison Effect: The light bulb in a charge through the room from the hot filament reaches the cold plate. Edison in 1884 found in this patent application, but did not further study. The scientists used the Edison effect next to the development of the electronics industry, especially radio and television.
Edison phonograph and attempt to make the eyes to make something for the ears , the film camera that produces this. Use a new invention of George Eastman's celluloid film, he photographed a series of photos and put them quickly and continuously to the curtain on the show, produce the illusion of movement. he was the first time in experiments Experimental film is room in 1889, applied for a patent .1903 1891, his company produced the first feature film 1887 Edison moved his West Orange laboratory after a variety of inventions made for his product and marketing, he founded a number of commercial companies; the company later merged into Edison General Electric Company, later known as the General Electric Company. Since then, interest in and to his fluorescence study, ore crushing machines, magnetic iron from the law, batteries, and railway signaling devices.
World War, he developed the torpedo mechanism and spray Firearms and underwater periscope.
1929 年 10 21, the 50th anniversary of invention of the lightbulb, people for the Edison held a grand celebration, the German Albert Einstein and Marie Curie and other famous scientists in France have him Congratulations. Unfortunately, in this celebration, when Edison reply, because of over-excitement, he suddenly lost consciousness. From then on, his health deteriorated on 18 October 1931, this made for mankind great contribution to scientists due to illness, died aged 84.
Edison's educational level is very low, but on such a huge contribution to humanity, where the personally test species instinct is that he has extraordinary hard work of the spirit of infinite energy and courage. When Edison was called a on ninety-eight percent perspiration. This collective effort is only by success. His success is mainly due to his hard work and creative talent, and a collective effort, in addition, his wife has played a very important role.
Chronology of Edison inventions :
1868 年 10 月 11 日 invention > with the printing press in 1870 made Mingpu, sell patent, was $ 40,000. In Niu Yueke own factory.
1872-1876 report on electrical and mechanical invention of electricity animation, automatic re-record cable method, double, quadruple Telegraph Act, manufacturers such as waxed paper carbonaceous resistor.
1875 invented the acoustic analysis of resonators.
1876 in Menlo Park, New Jersey, established a laboratory - the first industrial research laboratory. It is modern put in practical use. won three patents: perforated pen, stylus and general pneumatic stylus. August 20 was confirmed to be Thomas Edison invented the beloved of a project - the phonograph.
1878, the Edison claimed to solve the problem of electric lighting . phonograph exhibition organized by the Royal Society. improved the phonograph, the design of microphone, amplifier, air speakers, sound engine, tuned engine, micro-calorimeter, test taste meter, 19 .2 .7 by the phonograph and the patent Parker went to the University of Pennsylvania professor of Wyoming observed a total eclipse, and using his invention for measuring temperatures in the temperature of the sun all around Menlo Park .8 back to rejoin the scientific experiments were. British Edison approval September visit to William of Connecticut. Wallace. to start inventing the light bulb made of .10 5 January a report on the platinum wire and other invention of thousands of high-resistance incandescent setbacks. improved generator. design a new distribution of current law, the circuit alignment and calculation. inventing the light bulb holder and switch. invented magnetic mineral analysis method.
1879 年 8 月 30 日Edison and Bell Creek, at the Saratoga City Hall demonstrates their telephone equipment, telephone Bi Beier results of Edison's invention of clear .10 21 high resistance incandescent lamp, which ignited a 40-hour continuous months 1 .11 carbon filament lamp patent application 21 .12 helicopters. get light invention. made of magnetic screen 28 demineralizer .1 proposed The invention of electric light has just released the first ferry from .5 electric lighting on the an incandescent lamp factory in Niuyue Ke. set up generators, underground wires, lamp parts manufacturers. tram in the trials of Menlo Park.
1882 invention of the current three-wire distribution system. .9 141 patent applications set up the first 4 months The central plant. the end of December more than 150 across the United States established a small station.
1885 年 5 月 23 radio message made on the date the patent.
1887-1890 cylindrical phonograph in modified to obtain a patent on the phonograph 80 I copies. business phonograph, records, grant and other manufacturing and sale language career. singing in 1888 invented the phonograph cylinder type.
1889 years participated in the Paris Exposition. invented a variety of electric railway. completed activities movie machine.
1890 -1899 in design of large stone machine, grinding machine. in Ogden mine in new ways to personally conduct a large-scale development of iron ore.
1891 invention of the ; activities of the film projector the first of a film Doll's Music Hall with the Edison company produced the first feature film,
1910-1914 completed disc phonograph records, and does not harm the diamond album. complete with sound movie machine. 1910 invented the Communication Language phonograph.
1914-1915 phenol integrated manufacturing method of the invention, being granted the phonograph and the machine is far from written machine language, one phone can automatically record each other talking. to manufacture benzene, indigo oil.
1915 -1918 invented 39 years to complete as many, most notably the torpedo mechanism, such as flamethrowers and underwater periscope. 1927 completed a long record.
1928 to extract rubber from weeds successfully
professor of physics Imagine the bold 1802, in Russia's St. Petersburg College of Surgeons, a professor of physics called Bideluofu announced that he intends Lighting the way the early 19th century, in the current or a new thing under the premise of this decision tantamount Nights Lake. but Bideluofu enthusiasm has not been put out all the irony of the pressure, because not long ago , American physicist Benjamin Franklin with kite raises the issue so that he was inspired spark: battery connection at both ends of the wire produced by the spark, can become a long-lasting light for illumination purposes? In order to achieve the desired results, Bideluofu made unremitting efforts. Despite the dying has not seen Stick close to each other, then appeared among them a very bright white light or white flame, which makes the carbon rods quickly or slowly burn out, and can completely illuminate a large dark room. the earliest electric lighting remarks. arc, marking the beginning of human power to light by the transformation process has taken a decisive step.

from the arc lamp to the incandescent about the same period, 1809 being buried for electrochemical studies also found the famous British chemist David arc. He personally made a lot of storage appliances, use of the voltaic battery of 2000, has been more intense brighter arc.
He Drover and David is similar to the experimental device, which is actually a very new light mmm carbon arc lights of the prototype. This lamp was made using the general carbon rods of charcoal, burning too fast, though short-lived bright arc .
about 30 years later, it was thought and the application of hard and compact the coke to replace charcoal in general. charcoal burning slower than the coke, the time flashing arc also extended a lot.
later the French scientists fitted to the arc of a clockwork device, enabling it to automatically adjust the distance between two carbon rods. This, the first official carbon arc lamp was born very.
1876, the Russian electrician Yabu Lodge can be husband has been on the arc lights, big reforms. He watches authority to cancel the complex light adjustment device and the magnet, and let the two carbon rods erected side by side, separated by a piece of clay or plaster made of insulating film. He also used a device that can continuously change the direction of the current, so that two carbon rods alternately act as anode and cathode, so that the burning of two carbon rods to the same speed, while the distance between their ends will remain unchanged the. As the two carbon rods erected side by side when the light like a candle, it gave it a good name to take the Support will continue to light about two hours.
in the 19th century, after the age of 70 years, electric candle has prevailed. by the French Association of Investment made General Electric electric candle lights have been used as a support to light in the the street, a city of Paris alone, thousands of support to electric candle used in place of the street on the original 70,000 kerosene lamps, bustling Paris to become a real city that never sleeps. electric candle is also lit up the London and the ancient Persian streets, also Roman Theatre and the Royal Palace of Cambodia over the arc lights shining hh
advent of electric lighting opened up a new era in human history indicates that lighting of great significance. arc lamp as high brightness, high luminous efficiency , the color is good, the printing plate, film screenings and other fields has unparalleled advantages, until today still occupy a place. But the electric candle power consumption, short-lived, but also produce harmful gases, so since the advent of the incandescent It almost disappeared in the lighting field.
1879, Edison in practice on the basis of previous research, creating the world's first practical carbon filament incandescent lamp available. Edison improved carbonization methods, the a length of cotton sprinkled toner, bent into a U-shaped, fitted to the clay crucible made of high-temperature heating in the filament, and then sealed to the glass bulb filament, the carefully removing the air inside. in the year October 21, the light bulb Start light, continuous light 45 hours! Edison created the incandescent lamp made great contributions to the process.
from the immature to mature
incandescent glory enjoys popular support, has a large number of inventors join to the incandescent lamp Improved career. In fact before the birth of the carbon filament incandescent lamp, people try to do a variety of refractory metal filament incandescent lamps come in, people seeking the ideal state of the filament is sparing no effort. finally in the 20th century 9th year, the Americans found the performance excellent Keli Qi material mmm tungsten filament. tungsten has many remarkable features, it more than any other to be a high melting point metal elements, and it is less evaporation in the heated Therefore, the materials used as the filament, tungsten is an ideal fit. with a tungsten filament production as incandescent lighting technology is a milestone in the history. tungsten incandescent lamp made with the introduction of kerosene, gas lamps, competition in the gas lamp won a decisive victory; tungsten application has effectively promoted the development of electric lighting industry, has opened a new era of electric lighting technologies.
incandescent lamps are not complacent .1913 improvements, the Langmuir for the first time to the bulb in the nitrogen filled, which follows from the carbon filament to tungsten filament, the incandescent lamp is another important innovation. bulb filled in nitrogen, to form a thin layer around the filament stable protective layer of gas so that the filament can work at higher temperatures, and suppress the evaporation of tungsten, tungsten overcome in the course of the performance deficiencies (until today, inflatable bulb production process is still an important process). < br> and in order to improve the efficiency of incandescent light, to extend lamp life, people again in the composition and structure of the filament down enough effort. inventors have introduced a new element rhenium mmm. rhenium has the advantage of not only the high melting point , corrosion resistance, and good mechanical properties, electrical resistivity is much higher than that of tungsten. rhenium plated tungsten wire, the strength and resistance greatly enhanced, life can be extended five times! At the same time, people began to spiral filament made of, so the one hand, can reduce the footprint, improve the luminous efficiency, the other can continue to reduce the evaporation of tungsten, extend the useful life can be described as double benefit .1936, the people are made of a double helix filament incandescent lamp operating temperature to inflate increased to 2500. more, photography or even reached the 3000 incandescent.: the first generation of incandescent mature.
in the 20th century until the 21st century, the incandescent lighting has been a big family, a beautiful landscape. Although in today's life there have been more remarkable than the incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, neon hh but in the home life of ordinary people, ordinary incandescent still play an irreplaceable role.
3, Thomas. Alba . Edison (ThomasAlvaEdison) is a world famous scientist and inventor of American power, apart from the phonograph, electric light, telephone, telegraph, film and other aspects of the invention and contribution and, in the mining, construction, chemical industry, there are many famous creation and insights. Edison of about two thousand inventions, and progress of human civilization made a great contribution.
Edison on February 11, 1847 was born in Milan, Ohio, the Midwest Small town. father is a descendant of the Dutch, his mother worked as primary school teachers, are the descendants of Scots. Edison was 7 years old, his father operate the business at a loss roof tiles, the family moved to Huron, Michigan, northern suburb of Glasgow tio Special Fort settle down. to move here soon, Edison suffered scarlet fever, was sick for a long time, people think the disease is caused by the reasons for his deafness. Edison 8-year-old school, but only read the book three months, The teacher dismissed as . He quickly read the book difficult, such as Parker's He started work .12 years old, he received the report of the work for sale on the train and, after the Port Huron and Detroit, Michigan. He while selling newspapers, while also offering fruits, vegetables business, and whenever he went to the library. He bought an old printing press and began publishing their own magazine - established a chemical laboratory. unfortunately, a chemical fire, and he along with all his equipment was thrown from the car. Another time, when Edison was trying to board a freight train, a conductor took him by the ears help him in the car. This action led to a lifelong deaf Edison. August 1862, Edison rescued by dauntless courage of a hero on the train tracks about a boy died. the child's father this deeply grateful, but since no money can be Labour is willing to teach him telegraphy. Since then, Edison was, and the mysterious place between the new world power, embarked on a scientific journey.
1863, the Edison Rail Link as a major telecommunications hub at the Treasury 路斯特拉福特members. From 1864 to 1867, throughout the Midwest as a radio operator, living like a vagabond life. goals in a row, including Stella Ford, Adrian, Fort Wayne, Indianapolis, Cincinnati. ..